Cheng Ruirui, Yang Lei, Kang Suh-Jung
College of Physical Education, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, China.
College of Culture and Arts, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Mar 1;13(1):180. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02497-3.
This Research explores the intermediary function of academic stress and sleep quality in the connection between physical exercise and subjective well-being among high school students.
This Research conducted an online survey through random sampling with a sample of 540 (males = 310, females = 217; grade 10 = 159, grade 11 = 190, grade 12 = 178) high school students to explore the intermediary function of academic stress and sleep quality between physical exercise and subjective well-being. The participants were surveyed using PSQI, the Subjective Well-Being Scale, the ESSA, and PSQI. SPSS Statistics 26 was used to conduct reliability and validity tests, descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis. Mediation analysis was conducted utilizing Model 6 from the PROCESS 4.0 plugin.
(1) Physical exercise shows a significant positive correlation with subjective well-being, and the direct impact of physical exercise on subjective well-being is also significant. (2) Physical exercise adversely affects academic stress and positively influences sleep quality. Academic stress negatively impacts sleep quality and subjective well-being, while sleep quality positively influences subjective well-being. (3) Academic stress and sleep quality serve as significant mediators between physical exercise and subjective well-being. The mediation effect encompasses two indirect paths: In one aspect, physical exercise has an indirect impact on subjective well-being through its influence on academic stress; in another aspect, physical exercise indirectly affects subjective well-being via the chain mediation effects of academic stress and sleep quality.
Physical exercise can directly influence the subjective well-being of high school students. Additionally, physical exercise can indirectly impact their subjective well-being through academic stress, and it can also indirectly influence their subjective well-being through the chain mediation effect of academic stress and sleep quality. Based on these findings, it is recommended that schools provide more opportunities for physical exercise, integrated with psychological counseling and sleep management, to help students effectively alleviate academic stress, thereby enhancing their overall well-being.
本研究探讨学业压力和睡眠质量在高中生体育锻炼与主观幸福感之间的中介作用。
本研究通过随机抽样对540名高中生（男生 = 310人，女生 = 217人；十年级 = 159人，十一年级 = 190人，十二年级 = 178人）进行在线调查，以探究学业压力和睡眠质量在体育锻炼与主观幸福感之间的中介作用。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、主观幸福感量表、青少年体育锻炼自我效能感量表（ESSA）和PSQI对参与者进行调查。运用SPSS Statistics 26进行信效度检验、描述性统计和相关性分析。利用PROCESS 4.0插件中的模型6进行中介分析。
（1）体育锻炼与主观幸福感呈显著正相关，体育锻炼对主观幸福感的直接影响也显著。（2）体育锻炼对学业压力有负面影响，对睡眠质量有正面影响。学业压力对睡眠质量和主观幸福感有负面影响，而睡眠质量对主观幸福感有正面影响。（3）学业压力和睡眠质量在体育锻炼与主观幸福感之间起显著中介作用。中介效应包括两条间接路径：一方面，体育锻炼通过对学业压力的影响对主观幸福感有间接影响；另一方面，体育锻炼通过学业压力和睡眠质量的链式中介效应间接影响主观幸福感。
体育锻炼可以直接影响高中生的主观幸福感。此外，体育锻炼可以通过学业压力间接影响他们的主观幸福感，还可以通过学业压力和睡眠质量的链式中介效应间接影响他们的主观幸福感。基于这些研究结果，建议学校提供更多体育锻炼机会，并结合心理咨询和睡眠管理，以帮助学生有效减轻学业压力，从而提高他们的整体幸福感。
