Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Leukoc Biol. 2020 Jul;108(1):397-417. doi: 10.1002/JLB.4MIR0420-500RRR. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a relatively new class of innate immune cells with phenotypical characters of lymphocytes but genotypically or functionally behave as typical innate immune cells. They have been classically divided into 3 groups (group 1 ILCs or ILC1s, group 2 ILCs or ILC2s, and group 3 ILCs or ILC3s). They serve as the first line of defense against invading pathogens and allergens at mucosal surfaces. The adaptive immune response works effectively in association with innate immunity as innate immune cells serve as APCs to directly stimulate the adaptive immune cells (various sets of T and B cells). Additionally, innate immune cells also secrete various effector molecules, including cytokines or chemokines impacting the function, differentiation, proliferation, and reprogramming among adaptive immune cells to maintain immune homeostasis. Only superantigens do not require their processing by innate immune cells as they are recognized directly by T cells and B cells. Thus, a major emphasis of the current article is to describe the cross-talk between different ILCs and adaptive immune cells during different conditions varying from normal physiological situations to different infectious diseases to allergic asthma.
先天淋巴细胞（ILCs）是一类相对较新的先天免疫细胞，具有淋巴细胞的表型特征，但在基因或功能上表现为典型的先天免疫细胞。它们通常被分为 3 组（1 型先天淋巴细胞或 ILC1、2 型先天淋巴细胞或 ILC2 和 3 型先天淋巴细胞或 ILC3）。它们作为抵御黏膜表面入侵病原体和过敏原的第一道防线。适应性免疫反应与先天免疫有效协同作用，因为先天免疫细胞作为 APC 直接刺激适应性免疫细胞（各种 T 和 B 细胞）。此外，先天免疫细胞还分泌各种效应分子，包括细胞因子或趋化因子，影响适应性免疫细胞的功能、分化、增殖和重编程，以维持免疫稳态。只有超抗原不需要先天免疫细胞的加工，因为它们可以被 T 细胞和 B 细胞直接识别。因此，本文的一个主要重点是描述不同 ILCs 和适应性免疫细胞之间的相互作用，这些相互作用在从正常生理情况到不同传染病和过敏性哮喘等不同条件下发生。
