National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Adv Parasitol. 2020;110:1-62. doi: 10.1016/bs.apar.2020.04.002. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Being a zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis was widely spread in 12 provinces of Southern China in the 1950s, severly harming human health and hindering economic development. The National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at the Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, and Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research (NIPD-CTDR), as the only professional institution focussing on parasitic diseases at the national level, has played an important role in schistosomiasis control in the country. In this article, we look back at the changes of schistosomiasis endemicity and the contribution of NIPD-CTDR to the national schistosomiasis control programme. We review NIPD-CTDR's activities, including field investigations, design of control strategies and measures, development of diagnostics and drugs, surveillance-response of endemic situation, and monitoring & evaluation of the programme. The NIPD-CTDR has mastered the transmission status of schistosomiasis, mapped the snail distribution, and explored strategies and measures suitable for different types of endemic areas in China. With a good understanding of the life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum and transmission patterns of the disease, advanced research carried out in the NIPD-CTDR based on genomics and modern technology has made it possible to explore highly efficient and soft therapeutic drugs and molluscicides, making it possible to develop new diagnostic tools and produce vaccine candidates. In the field, epidemiological studies, updated strategies and targeted intervention measures developed by scientists from the NIPD-CTDR have contributed significantly to the national schistosomiasis control programme. This all adds up to a strong foundation for eliminating schistosomiasis in China in the near future, and recommendations have been put forward how to reach this goal.
作为一种人畜共患的寄生虫病，血吸虫病在 20 世纪 50 年代广泛传播于中国南方 12 个省份，严重危害人类健康，阻碍经济发展。中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所（以下简称“寄生虫病所”）作为唯一一家国家级专业寄生虫病防治机构，在全国血吸虫病防治工作中发挥了重要作用。本文回顾了血吸虫病的流行变化和寄生虫病所对国家血吸虫病防治规划的贡献，梳理了寄生虫病所围绕现场调查、防治策略与措施制定、诊断与药物研发、疫情监测与应对以及防治工作监测与评估等方面开展的工作。寄生虫病所掌握了血吸虫病传播状况，绘制了钉螺分布地图，探索出适合中国不同类型流行区的防治策略与措施。通过深入研究日本血吸虫的生活史和传播规律，寄生虫病所利用基因组学和现代技术开展了卓有成效的研究工作，研发出高效、低毒的治疗药物和杀螺药物，开发出新型诊断工具和疫苗候选物。在现场，寄生虫病所科研人员开展的流行病学研究，制定的防治策略和有针对性的干预措施，为国家血吸虫病防治规划提供了重要技术支撑。这些工作为我国在不久的将来消除血吸虫病奠定了坚实的基础，并提出了实现这一目标的建议。
