Clinical and Administrative Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Pharmacy, 1110 N. Stonewall Ave., Oklahoma City, OK 73117, United States.
Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 1202a Walker Building, Auburn, AL 36849, United States.
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2020 Aug;12(8):910-917. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2020.04.007. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an important educational topic for student pharmacists given extended patient life expectancy and expanding pharmacist roles in HIV treatment and prevention. Data are lacking in regard to curricular content and type of training received by faculty to provide didactic and experiential HIV training.
A cross-sectional, population-based survey of United States (US) pharmacy schools was conducted using a 15-item questionnaire. HIV content experts were surveyed at 135 four-year, accredited programs.
Thirty-seven responses were received from schools in the Midwestern (34%), Northeastern (26%), Southern (26%), and Western (14%) regions. Time devoted to didactic HIV education ranged from 0.5 to 60 hours. The majority of respondents (78%, n = 29) reported 10 or fewer hours of HIV-related content, with 41% (n = 15) reporting five or less hours of content. Experiential practice sites for HIV training were variable, with a majority (80%) including an outpatient infectious diseases/HIV clinic. Eighty percent of respondents also reported students receiving fewer than 25 encounters with people living with HIV (PLWH) throughout their entire experiential training. Over half (54%) of respondents reported that the primary HIV instructor devoted four hours per week or less to HIV care.
Diversity in the amount of time devoted to HIV didactic education existed among reporting US pharmacy schools. Few schools have dedicated faculty spending a substantial amount of time in direct care of PLWH. Minimum standards for HIV education in schools of pharmacy should be established.
鉴于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的预期寿命延长，以及药剂师在 HIV 治疗和预防方面的作用不断扩大，HIV 是学生药剂师的一个重要教育课题。然而，关于教师提供 HIV 教学和实践培训的课程内容和培训类型的数据却很缺乏。
对美国（US）药学学校进行了一项横断面、基于人群的调查，使用了一份包含 15 个问题的问卷。对 135 个四年制认可项目的 HIV 内容专家进行了调查。
从中西部（34%）、东北部（26%）、南部（26%）和西部（14%）地区的学校收到了 37 份回复。用于教学 HIV 教育的时间从 0.5 小时到 60 小时不等。大多数受访者（78%，n=29）报告了 10 小时或更少的与 HIV 相关的内容，其中 41%（n=15）报告了 5 小时或更少的内容。HIV 培训的实践基地各不相同，大多数（80%）包括门诊传染病/HIV 诊所。80%的受访者还报告称，学生在整个实践培训中与 HIV 感染者（PLWH）的接触次数少于 25 次。超过一半（54%）的受访者报告称，主要的 HIV 讲师每周投入 HIV 护理的时间不到 4 小时。
报告的美国药学学校在用于 HIV 教学教育的时间数量上存在差异。很少有学校有专门的教职员工，他们花费大量时间直接照顾 PLWH。应该为药学学校的 HIV 教育制定最低标准。
