Albarrag Ahmed, Shami Ashwag, Almutairi Abrar, Alsudairi Sara, Aldakeel Sumayh, Al-Amodi Amani
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2020 Jun 3;2020:2434350. doi: 10.1155/2020/2434350. eCollection 2020.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is one of the main causative agents of nosocomial infections that has posed a major threat to those with compromised immune systems such as nursing home residents. The aim of this study was to determine the rates of MRSA strains and the types of )in nursing homes in Saudi Arabia.
A total of 188 nasal swabs were collected from the residents and nursing staff in two nursing homes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All MRSA isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and analyzed for and typing by multiplex PCR assay. Detection of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin () gene was also tested in all positive MRSA isolates by multiplex PCR using specific primers.
Among the 188 collected nasal swabs (105 males and 83 females), MRSA colonization rate was 9.04% (11 (5.85%) females and 6 (5.71%) males). About 47% of MRSA were multidrug resistant (MDR) as acquired resistance to beta-lactam, macrolide, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. However, all the MRSA isolates showed susceptibility to vancomycin, tigecycline, and linezolid. All the MRSA isolates ( = 17) were -positive with the SCC IVc ( = 7, 41.18%) as the most common SCC type followed by SCC V ( = 5, 29.41%) and SCC IVa ( = 2, 11.76%). The remaining isolates ( = 3) were nontypeable (17.65%). In addition, the PVL toxin gene was only detected in four of the male samples.
MRSA nasal colonization is a common incident among nursing home residents. The prevalence of community-associated (CA) MRSA (SCC IV and V) was more common than hospital-associated (HA) MRSA in our study samples. It is crucial to investigate such rate of incidence, which is a key tool in preventive medicine and would aid in determining health policy and predict emergent outbreaks.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是医院感染的主要病原体之一，对免疫系统受损的人群（如养老院居民）构成了重大威胁。本研究的目的是确定沙特阿拉伯养老院中MRSA菌株的发生率及其类型。
从沙特阿拉伯利雅得的两家养老院的居民和护理人员中总共采集了188份鼻拭子。对所有MRSA分离株进行抗菌药敏试验，并通过多重PCR分析进行 和 分型。还使用特异性引物通过多重PCR在所有阳性MRSA分离株中检测杀白细胞素（PVL）基因。
在收集的188份鼻拭子中（男性105份，女性83份），MRSA定植率为9.04%（女性11份（5.85%），男性6份（5.71%））。约47%的MRSA具有多重耐药性（MDR），即对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和氨基糖苷类抗生素获得性耐药。然而，所有MRSA分离株对万古霉素、替加环素和利奈唑胺均敏感。所有MRSA分离株（n = 17）均为 阳性，其中SCC IVc（n = 7，41.18%）是最常见的SCC类型，其次是SCC V（n = 5，29.41%）和SCC IVa（n = 2，11.76%）。其余分离株（n = 3）无法分型（17.65%）。此外，仅在4份男性样本中检测到PVL毒素基因。
MRSA鼻定植在养老院居民中是常见现象。在我们的研究样本中，社区相关性（CA）MRSA（SCC IV和V）的流行率比医院相关性（HA）MRSA更常见。调查这种发病率至关重要，这是预防医学的关键工具，有助于确定卫生政策并预测突发疫情。
