Hebrew University, Program for the History and Philosophy of Science, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Stud Hist Philos Sci. 2020 Jun;81:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2020.01.010. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Aristotle's Physics V and VI deal with the same concepts: motion, change and continuity. The two books, however, employ altogether different approaches to the study of these concepts, thus presenting different orders of conceptualization. Abraham Edel (1982, 42) claims that Aristotle is a systematic philosopher "not in the sense of [i] one who pursues a deductive system … but in the sense of [ii] one who has a well-constructed and fairly clearly analyzed conceptual network that he uses with considerable power in field after field of human inquiry." Truly, [ii] is more typical of Aristotle, but in the Physics both approaches are present. Books VI and V (respectively) are good examples. It is commonly taken for granted that Physics V prepares for VI, because of the order in which they appear in the corpus, and because V includes the definitions of the main concepts that are used in VI. A closer look at the texts, however, reveals that the definitions of V are not used in VI. I argue that the definitions of V were not only unknown when VI was written, but are actually incompatible with the spirit of Physics VI and with the main thesis underlying it. Physics VI is close in method, conceptual basis and in its radical formal approach to the Posterior Analytics, and a part of it (the early stratum) looks like a mathematical exercise. The mathematical-logical approach was abandoned, and gave way to the more mature Aristotelian style, which is already dominant in Physics V.
亚里士多德的《物理学》第五卷和第六卷讨论了相同的概念:运动、变化和连续性。然而,这两本书采用了完全不同的方法来研究这些概念,因此呈现出不同的概念化顺序。亚伯拉罕·埃德尔(Abraham Edel)(1982 年,第 42 页)声称,亚里士多德是一位“系统哲学家”,“不是指[一]追求演绎系统……而是指[二]拥有一个构造良好且相当清晰分析的概念网络,他在人类探究的一个又一个领域中非常有力地使用这个网络。”诚然,[ii]更典型地代表了亚里士多德,但在《物理学》中这两种方法都存在。第六卷和第五卷(分别)是很好的例子。通常认为,第五卷为第六卷做了准备,这是因为它们在正文中的出现顺序,以及第五卷包含了第六卷中使用的主要概念的定义。然而,仔细研究文本后发现,第五卷的定义并没有在第六卷中使用。我认为,第五卷的定义不仅在第六卷写作时不为人知,而且实际上与第六卷的精神以及它所依据的主要论点不相容。第六卷在方法、概念基础和激进的形式主义方面与《后分析篇》非常接近,它的一部分(早期层)看起来像是一个数学练习。数学逻辑方法被放弃了,取而代之的是更成熟的亚里士多德风格,这种风格在第五卷中已经占据主导地位。