EA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval CEDEX 9, France.
National Research Council, Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for BioEconomy, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Jun 19;25(12):2845. doi: 10.3390/molecules25122845.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease represents the most common liver disease and is characterized by an excess of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, mainly stored as triglycerides. is a marine microalga, which is rich in bioactive molecules known to be hepatoprotective, such as -3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and fucoxanthin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid extract from in a cellular model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by palmitate treatment. The combined effects of carotenoids and lipids, especially -3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, were also investigated by using a total lipophilic extract. HepG2 cells were exposed for 24 h to 250 µM palmitate with or without the addition of carotenoid extract (6 μg/mL) or total lipophilic extract (100 μg/mL). The addition of carotenoid extract or total lipophilic extract prevented the accumulation of triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol esters. The carotenoid extract and total lipophilic extract also decreased the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis (, , and ) and cholesterol esterification (/). In addition, the total lipophilic extract also downregulated the and genes, which are involved in lipogenesis regulation. By contrast, the carotenoid extract increased the mRNA level of , a β-oxidation related gene, and reduced the lipid droplet accumulation. In conclusion, this study highlights the preventive effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of the two microalga extracts.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病是最常见的肝脏疾病，其特征是肝细胞内脂质蓄积过多，主要以甘油三酯的形式储存。球等鞭金藻是一种海洋微藻，富含具有保肝作用的生物活性分子，如 -3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸和岩藻黄质。本研究旨在研究球等鞭金藻类胡萝卜素提取物在棕榈酸处理诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病细胞模型中的作用。还通过使用全脂溶性提取物研究了类胡萝卜素和脂质（尤其是 -3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸）的联合作用。HepG2 细胞在 250 μM 棕榈酸中暴露 24 小时，或添加类胡萝卜素提取物（6μg/ml）或全脂溶性提取物（100μg/ml）。添加类胡萝卜素提取物或全脂溶性提取物可防止甘油三酯、总胆固醇和胆固醇酯的积累。类胡萝卜素提取物和全脂溶性提取物还降低了参与脂肪生成的基因（ 、 、 和 ）和胆固醇酯化（/）的 mRNA 表达水平。此外，全脂溶性提取物还下调了参与脂肪生成调节的 和 基因。相比之下，类胡萝卜素提取物增加了与β氧化相关的 基因的 mRNA 水平，并减少了脂滴的积累。总之，本研究强调了两种微藻提取物对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的预防作用。
