Department of Integrated Engineering, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Cell Rep. 2020 Jun 23;31(12):107808. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107808.
To better understand the health benefits of lifelong exercise in humans, we conduct global skeletal muscle transcriptomic analyses of long-term endurance- (9 men, 9 women) and strength-trained (7 men) humans compared with age-matched untrained controls (7 men, 8 women). Transcriptomic analysis, Gene Ontology, and genome-scale metabolic modeling demonstrate changes in pathways related to the prevention of metabolic diseases, particularly with endurance training. Our data also show prominent sex differences between controls and that these differences are reduced with endurance training. Additionally, we compare our data with studies examining muscle gene expression before and after a months-long training period in individuals with metabolic diseases. This analysis reveals that training shifts gene expression in individuals with impaired metabolism to become more similar to our endurance-trained group. Overall, our data provide an extensive examination of the accumulated transcriptional changes that occur with decades-long training and identify important "exercise-responsive" genes that could attenuate metabolic disease.
为了更好地理解人类终身锻炼的健康益处，我们对长期进行耐力训练（9 名男性，9 名女性）和力量训练（7 名男性）的人类以及年龄匹配的未经训练的对照组（7 名男性，8 名女性）的全球骨骼肌转录组进行了分析。转录组分析、基因本体论和基因组规模的代谢建模表明，与代谢疾病预防相关的途径发生了变化，尤其是耐力训练。我们的数据还显示了对照组之间存在明显的性别差异，而这些差异在耐力训练后会减少。此外，我们还将我们的数据与研究患有代谢疾病的个体在长达一个月的训练期前后的肌肉基因表达进行了比较。这项分析表明，训练会改变代谢受损个体的基因表达，使其变得更类似于我们的耐力训练组。总的来说，我们的数据提供了对数十年来训练所产生的累积转录变化的广泛检查，并确定了一些可能减轻代谢疾病的重要“运动反应”基因。
