Nakato Rui, Manabe Noriaki, Hanayama Kozo, Kusunoki Hiroaki, Hata Jiro, Haruma Ken
Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
J Smooth Muscle Res. 2020;56(0):46-57. doi: 10.1540/jsmr.56.46.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a common symptom in the older people, and may cause fatal complications such as aspiration pneumonia. However, there is no established treatment for OD. The relationship between the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and substance P released by activated TRPV1 was recently demonstrated. Further, there are several reports showing that capsaicin, a specific agonist of TRPV1, can improve OD. Currently, the evaluation of swallowing is mainly performed by videofluoroscopic examination. However, there are no reports on the clinical application of ultrasonography using tissue Doppler imaging. In this review, we describe the pathophysiology and treatments for OD, introduce our novel US method to evaluate cervical esophageal motility, and then outline our clinical study examining the effects of capsaicin, a specific TRPV1 agonist, in older patients with OD.
口咽吞咽困难（OD）是老年人的常见症状，可能导致诸如吸入性肺炎等致命并发症。然而，目前尚无针对OD的既定治疗方法。最近证实了瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1（TRPV1）与激活的TRPV1释放的P物质之间的关系。此外，有几份报告表明，TRPV1的特异性激动剂辣椒素可以改善OD。目前，吞咽评估主要通过电视荧光透视检查进行。然而，尚无关于使用组织多普勒成像的超声检查临床应用的报道。在本综述中，我们描述了OD的病理生理学和治疗方法，介绍了我们评估颈段食管动力的新型超声方法，然后概述了我们关于TRPV1特异性激动剂辣椒素对老年OD患者影响的临床研究。
