López-Bueno Rubén, Calatayud Joaquín, Casaña José, Casajús José A, Smith Lee, Tully Mark A, Andersen Lars L, López-Sánchez Guillermo F
Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jun 4;11:1426. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01426. eCollection 2020.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19. In response, most affected countries have enacted measures involving compulsory confinement and restrictions on free movement, which likely influence citizens' lifestyles. This study investigates changes in health risk behaviors (HRBs) with duration of confinement. An online cross-sectional survey served to collect data about the Spanish adult population regarding health behaviors during the first 3 weeks of confinement. A large sample of participants ( = 2,741) (51.8% women; mean age 34.2 years [SD 13.0]) from all Spanish regions completed the survey. Binomial logistic regressions adjusted for socioeconomic characteristics (i.e., gender, age, civil status, education, and occupation), body mass index (BMI), previous HRBs, and confinement context (i.e., solitude and exposure to COVID-19) were conducted to investigate associations between the number of weeks confined and a set of six HRBs (physical activity, alcohol consumption, fresh fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, screen exposure, and sleep hours). When adjusted, we observed significantly lower odds of experiencing a higher number of HRBs than before confinement overall in a time-dependent fashion: OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.49-0.81 for the second and OR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.36-0.61 for the third week of confinement. These results were equally consistent in all age and gender subgroup analyses. The present study indicates that changes toward a higher number of HRBs than before confinement, as well as the prevalence of each HRB except screen exposure, decreased during the first 3 weeks of COVID-19 confinement, and thus the Spanish adult population may have adapted to the new situational context by gradually improving their health behaviors.
世界卫生组织（WHO）已宣布由于新冠病毒病（COVID-19）大流行。作为应对措施，大多数受影响国家已颁布措施，包括强制隔离和限制自由流动，这可能会影响公民的生活方式。本研究调查了健康风险行为（HRB）随隔离时间的变化情况。一项在线横断面调查旨在收集有关西班牙成年人口在隔离前3周内健康行为的数据。来自西班牙所有地区的大量参与者（n = 2741）（51.8%为女性；平均年龄34.2岁[标准差13.0]）完成了该调查。进行了二项逻辑回归分析，对社会经济特征（即性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和职业）、体重指数（BMI）、先前的健康风险行为以及隔离环境（即独处和接触COVID-19）进行了调整，以调查隔离周数与一组六种健康风险行为（体育活动、饮酒、新鲜水果和蔬菜消费、吸烟、屏幕暴露和睡眠时间）之间的关联。调整后，我们观察到总体上出现比隔离前更多健康风险行为的几率以时间依赖的方式显著降低：隔离第二周的比值比为0.63；95%置信区间：0.49 - 0.81，隔离第三周的比值比为0.47；95%置信区间：0.36 - 0.61。这些结果在所有年龄和性别亚组分析中同样一致。本研究表明，在COVID-19隔离的前3周内，与隔离前相比出现更多健康风险行为的变化以及除屏幕暴露外每种健康风险行为的患病率均有所下降，因此西班牙成年人口可能通过逐步改善健康行为适应了新的情境。
