Chessa Céline, Bodet Charles, Jousselin Clément, Wehbe Michel, Lévêque Nicolas, Garcia Magali
Laboratoire de Virologie et Mycobactériologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, LITEC EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Jun 3;11:1155. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01155. eCollection 2020.
Keratinocytes, the main cells of the epidermis, are the first site of replication as well as the first line of defense against many viruses such as arboviruses, enteroviruses, herpes viruses, human papillomaviruses, or vaccinia virus. During viral replication, these cells can sense virus associated molecular patterns leading to the initiation of an innate immune response composed of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides. Human keratinocytes produce and secrete at least nine antimicrobial peptides: human cathelicidin LL-37, types 1-4 human β-defensins, S100 peptides such as psoriasin (S100A7), calprotectin (S100A8/9) and koebnerisin (S100A15), and RNase 7. These peptides can exert direct antiviral effects on the viral particle or its replication cycle, and indirect antiviral activity, by modulating the host immune response. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge of antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of human keratinocyte antimicrobial peptides.
角质形成细胞是表皮的主要细胞，是病毒复制的首个位点，也是抵御许多病毒（如虫媒病毒、肠道病毒、疱疹病毒、人乳头瘤病毒或痘苗病毒）的第一道防线。在病毒复制过程中，这些细胞能够感知病毒相关分子模式，从而启动由促炎细胞因子、趋化因子和抗菌肽组成的固有免疫反应。人类角质形成细胞产生并分泌至少九种抗菌肽：人阳离子抗菌肽LL-37、1-4型人β-防御素、S100肽，如银屑素（S100A7）、钙卫蛋白（S100A8/9）和科布纳素（S100A15），以及核糖核酸酶7。这些肽可通过调节宿主免疫反应，对病毒颗粒或其复制周期发挥直接抗病毒作用以及间接抗病毒活性。本综述的目的是总结目前关于人类角质形成细胞抗菌肽抗病毒和免疫调节特性的知识。
