Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado.
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Infant Ment Health J. 2021 Jan;42(1):5-20. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21877. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
Emotion regulation is critical for optimal functioning across a wide range of domains and may be even more important for individuals in high-risk environments. While evidence suggests that childhood is generally a period of emotion regulation growth and development, research is needed to examine factors that may contribute to deviations from a typical trajectory. In a prospective study of 1,905 children, latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to identify trajectory groups of emotion regulation across toddlerhood (age 14-36 months), examine predictors of those trajectory groups from child temperament, parenting behaviors, and environmental risk, and explore predictions of resilience in 5th grade from the identified groups. LGCA supported a three-class model, with a Stable Incline group, a Decline group, and a Catch-Up group. Child negative emotionality, positive and negative parenting, and environmental risk predicted group membership. These trajectory groups in toddlerhood were predictive of child resilient functioning in the 5th grade. Our findings highlight the importance of utilizing developmental models of emotion regulation and provide implications for prevention and early intervention services to enhance emotion regulation development in early childhood.
情绪调节对于广泛领域的最佳功能至关重要，对于处于高风险环境中的个体来说可能更为重要。虽然有证据表明，童年通常是情绪调节成长和发展的时期，但需要研究哪些因素可能导致偏离典型轨迹。在一项对 1905 名儿童的前瞻性研究中，使用潜在类别增长分析（LCGA）来确定幼儿期（14-36 个月）情绪调节的轨迹组，从儿童气质、父母行为和环境风险方面研究这些轨迹组的预测因素，并从确定的轨迹组中探索 5 年级的适应力预测。LCGA 支持三类别模型，包括稳定上升组、下降组和追赶组。儿童的负性情绪、积极和消极的父母养育行为以及环境风险预测了群体归属。幼儿期的这些轨迹组可预测 5 年级儿童的适应力功能。我们的研究结果强调了使用情绪调节的发展模型的重要性，并为预防和早期干预服务提供了启示，以促进幼儿期情绪调节的发展。
