Ciaccio Marcello, Agnello Luisa
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOUP "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy.
Diagnosis (Berl). 2020 Nov 18;7(4):365-372. doi: 10.1515/dx-2020-0057.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory disease, which can evolve into multi-organ failure (MOF), leading to death. Several biochemical alterations have been described in COVID-19 patients. To date, many biomarkers reflecting the main pathophysiological characteristics of the disease have been identified and associated with the risk of developing severe disease. Lymphopenia represents the hallmark of the disease, and it can be detected since the early stage of infection. Increased levels of several inflammatory biomarkers, including c-reactive protein, have been found in COVID-19 patients and associated with an increased risk of severe disease, which is characterised by the so-called "cytokine storm". Also, the increase of cardiac and liver dysfunction biomarkers has been associated with poor outcome. In this review, we provide an overview of the main biochemical characteristics of COVID-19 and the associated biomarkers alterations.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种呼吸系统疾病，可演变为多器官功能衰竭（MOF），导致死亡。COVID-19患者已出现多种生化改变。迄今为止，许多反映该疾病主要病理生理特征的生物标志物已被识别，并与发生严重疾病的风险相关。淋巴细胞减少是该疾病的标志，在感染早期即可检测到。在COVID-19患者中发现几种炎症生物标志物水平升高，包括C反应蛋白，且与严重疾病风险增加相关，严重疾病的特征是所谓的“细胞因子风暴”。此外，心脏和肝脏功能障碍生物标志物的增加也与不良预后相关。在本综述中，我们概述了COVID-19的主要生化特征及相关生物标志物改变。
