University Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Garden City University College, Kumasi, Ghana.
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2020 Sep;65(5):660-680. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13112. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
Healthy preconception and antenatal diet and physical activity behaviors may optimize maternal and offspring outcomes. These behaviors are thought to be linked to pregnancy intentions. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between women's pregnancy intentions and diet or physical activity behaviors in the preconception and antenatal periods.
MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete, Global Health, Embase, and INFORMIT: Health Subset were searched in September 2018 for studies that evaluated relationships between pregnancy intentions and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Risk of bias was assessed, and random effects meta-analyses were conducted for dietary (food groups; energy and macronutrients; diet quality; and caffeine, iodine, and folate intake) and physical activity outcomes.
Of 2623 screened records, 19 eligible studies were identified. The overall risk of bias was moderate to high. Twelve studies measured diet and physical activity behaviors during preconception, 5 during pregnancy, and 2 across both periods. Eleven studies measured pregnancy intention retrospectively, and 8 prospectively measured pregnancy intention. The number of studies available for meta-analyses of individual dietary and physical activity outcomes ranged from 2 to 5. Pregnancy intentions were not associated with preconception fruit, vegetable, or caffeine intake or physical activity. Antenatally, women with intended pregnancies were more likely to report healthier diets, lower caffeine intake, and higher physical activity. Insufficient studies were available to conduct subgroup comparisons for prospective or retrospective assessment.
Pregnancy intentions were not associated with preconception diet or physical activity behaviors. In contrast, antenatally, women with intended pregnancies demonstrated better diet and physical activity behaviors. Given the small number of studies available for meta-analyses, further research is needed to consolidate our findings. Meanwhile, health professionals can assess women's pregnancy intentions during preconception and pregnancy and encourage a healthy lifestyle.
健康的孕前和产前饮食及身体活动行为可能会优化母婴结局。这些行为被认为与妊娠意愿有关。本研究旨在进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定女性妊娠意愿与孕前和产前饮食或身体活动行为之间的关系。
2018 年 9 月，我们对 MEDLINE Complete、PsycINFO、CINAHL Complete、Global Health、Embase 和 INFORMIT: Health Subset 进行了检索，以评估评估妊娠意愿与饮食和身体活动行为之间关系的研究。评估了偏倚风险，并对饮食（食物组；能量和宏量营养素；饮食质量；以及咖啡因、碘和叶酸摄入）和身体活动结果进行了随机效应荟萃分析。
在 2623 篇筛选记录中，确定了 19 项符合条件的研究。整体偏倚风险为中高度。12 项研究在孕前测量了饮食和身体活动行为，5 项研究在孕期测量，2 项研究在两个时期都进行了测量。11 项研究回顾性测量妊娠意愿，8 项前瞻性测量妊娠意愿。可用于个体饮食和身体活动结果荟萃分析的研究数量从 2 项到 5 项不等。妊娠意愿与孕前水果、蔬菜或咖啡因摄入或身体活动无关。在产前，有意愿怀孕的女性更有可能报告更健康的饮食、更低的咖啡因摄入和更高的身体活动。由于可用于前瞻性或回顾性评估的研究数量有限，无法进行亚组比较。
妊娠意愿与孕前饮食或身体活动行为无关。相比之下，在产前，有意愿怀孕的女性表现出更好的饮食和身体活动行为。鉴于可用于荟萃分析的研究数量较少，需要进一步研究来巩固我们的发现。同时，健康专业人员可以在孕前和孕期评估女性的妊娠意愿，并鼓励健康的生活方式。
