Caldwell J Lynn, Schroeder Valarie M, Kunkle Christina L, Stephenson Henry G
Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, United States of America.
The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, United States of America.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2020 Sep;196:172968. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172968. Epub 2020 Jun 25.
Individual responses to the effects of inadequate sleep have been well documented; some people are more vulnerable to the effects of sleep loss than others. Fatigue-vulnerable individuals generally require access to effective fatigue countermeasures; however, the question arises as to whether these fatigue-vulnerable individuals receive the same benefits shown in group efficacy data. The present study administered modafinil to individuals to determine its differential effects on performance of best and worst performers during sleep deprivation.
A sample of 22 men, age 21-40 yrs., was tested on 2 separate occasions during which they were kept awake for 36 h. During one period they received 200 mg modafinil; during the other they received placebo. Participants were tested on a variety of tasks while rested and at 5-hr intervals across the continuous wakefulness period. Performance for each cognitive task and subjective measure of fatigue from the placebo period was used to group individuals into high (HP) or low performance (LP) groups to indicate fatigue vulnerability for each task.
Results indicated that on the MTS task, the HP group performed the same throughout the testing period, regardless of whether they received modafinil or not. However, the LP group significantly improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the PVT showed the HP group had a small decrease in the number of lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo, whereas the LP group had a large decrease in lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the RDM showed no difference between groups, regardless of drug condition. Groups did not differ after receiving modafinil on subjective fatigue measured by the POMS.
Depending on the task, HP individuals did not benefit substantially when administered modafinil compared to placebo. However, the LP individuals improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo.
个体对睡眠不足影响的反应已有充分记录；有些人比其他人更容易受到睡眠剥夺的影响。易疲劳个体通常需要有效的抗疲劳措施；然而，这些易疲劳个体是否能获得与群体疗效数据中相同的益处仍是个问题。本研究对个体使用莫达非尼，以确定其对睡眠剥夺期间最佳和最差表现者的表现的不同影响。
选取22名年龄在21至40岁之间的男性作为样本，在两个不同场合进行测试，期间他们保持清醒36小时。在其中一个时间段，他们服用200毫克莫达非尼；在另一个时间段，他们服用安慰剂。参与者在休息时以及在连续清醒期间每隔5小时接受各种任务测试。根据安慰剂期每项认知任务的表现和疲劳主观测量结果，将个体分为高表现（HP）或低表现（LP）组，以表明每项任务的疲劳易感性。
结果表明，在MTS任务中，HP组在整个测试期间表现相同，无论他们是否服用莫达非尼。然而，与安慰剂相比，LP组在服用莫达非尼后表现显著改善。在PVT上的表现显示，与安慰剂相比，HP组在服用莫达非尼后失误次数略有减少，而LP组在服用莫达非尼后失误次数大幅减少。在RDM上的表现显示，无论药物状况如何，各组之间没有差异。服用莫达非尼后，通过POMS测量的主观疲劳在各组之间没有差异。
根据任务不同，与安慰剂相比，HP个体服用莫达非尼后没有显著益处。然而，与安慰剂相比，LP个体在服用莫达非尼后有所改善。
