Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Praygraj, India.
Parasite Immunol. 2020 Oct;42(10):e12768. doi: 10.1111/pim.12768. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by parasites belonging to genus Leishmania (L.) is classified as a category I disease by the TDR/WHO. The understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease was built from the findings of available experimental models. Among all available models, the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is the most suitable model for the experimental representation of VL. In this review, we have focused on the opportunities and challenges of using the hamster as an experimental model for visceral leishmaniasis.
The studies referenced in this review were based on searches in PubMed and Google Scholar without a specific timeline. We collected study results underlining the clinicopathological response, immunopathogenesis and factors determining the outcome of VL in hamsters. Particular emphasis was given in the context of developing new therapeutics and testing potential candidates for vaccine development.
Among all animal models, M. auratus is undoubtedly a better animal model for immunopathogenesis, drug discovery and vaccine development studies of VL infection. But, further optimization of this animal model is required to mimic human VL completely.
由利什曼原虫（L.）属寄生虫引起的内脏利什曼病（VL）被 TDR/WHO 归类为 I 类疾病。对该疾病发病机制的认识是基于现有的实验模型的发现。在所有可用的模型中，叙利亚仓鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）是 VL 实验代表的最适合模型。在本综述中，我们重点关注了使用仓鼠作为内脏利什曼病实验模型的机会和挑战。
本综述中引用的研究是基于在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 中进行的无特定时间范围的搜索。我们收集了强调仓鼠 VL 临床病理反应、免疫发病机制和决定疾病结局因素的研究结果。特别强调了在开发新疗法和测试疫苗开发潜在候选物的背景下。
在所有动物模型中，M. auratus 无疑是 VL 感染免疫发病机制、药物发现和疫苗开发研究的更好动物模型。但是，需要进一步优化这种动物模型，以完全模拟人类 VL。
