Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2020 Oct;45(10):858-873. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.05.010. Epub 2020 Jun 25.
The numerous biological roles of NAD are organized and coordinated via its compartmentalization within cells. The spatial and temporal partitioning of this intermediary metabolite is intrinsic to understanding the impact of NAD on cellular signaling and metabolism. We review evidence supporting the compartmentalization of steady-state NAD levels in cells, as well as how the modulation of NAD synthesis dynamically regulates signaling by controlling subcellular NAD concentrations. We further discuss potential benefits to the cell of compartmentalizing NAD, and methods for measuring subcellular NAD levels.
NAD 的众多生物学功能是通过其在细胞内的区室化来组织和协调的。这种中间代谢物的空间和时间分隔对于理解 NAD 对细胞信号转导和代谢的影响至关重要。我们综述了支持细胞内稳态 NAD 水平区室化的证据，以及 NAD 合成的调节如何通过控制细胞内亚 NAD 浓度来动态调节信号。我们还进一步讨论了 NAD 区室化对细胞的潜在益处，以及测量细胞内亚 NAD 水平的方法。
