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作为理解和治疗选择性缄默症的范例的体现:在文化中定位自我。

Embodiment as a Paradigm for Understanding and Treating SE-AN: Locating the Self in Culture.

作者信息

Musolino Connie Marguerite, Warin Megan, Gilchrist Peter

机构信息

College of Medicine and Public Health, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.

Faculty of Arts, School of Social Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 12;11:534. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00534. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

There has been a growing call for sociologically engaged research to better understand the complex processes underpinning Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa (SE-AN). Based on a qualitative study with women in Adelaide, South Australia who were reluctant to seek help for their disordered eating practices, this paper draws on anthropological concepts of embodiment to examine how SE-AN is experienced as culturally grounded. We argue that experiences of SE-AN are culturally informed, and in turn, inform bodily perception and practice in the world. Over time, everyday rituals and routines became part of participants' , experienced as taken-for-granted practices that structured life-worlds. Here, culture and self are not separate, but intimately entangled in and through embodiment. Approaching SE-AN through a paradigm of embodiment has important implications for therapeutic models that attempt to move anorexia nervosa away from the body and separate it from the self in order to achieve recovery. Separating experiences-literally disembodying anorexia nervosa-was described by participants as more than the loss of an identity; it would dismantle their sense of being-in-the-world. Understanding how SE-AN is itself a structure that structures every aspect of daily life, helps us to understand the fear of living differently, and the safety that embodied routines bring. We conclude by asking what therapeutic treatment might look like if we took embodiment as one orientation to SE-AN, and focused on quality of life and harm minimization.

摘要

对于开展社会学参与式研究以更好地理解严重且持久的神经性厌食症(SE - AN)背后的复杂过程的呼声日益高涨。基于对南澳大利亚阿德莱德那些不愿为其饮食失调行为寻求帮助的女性进行的定性研究,本文借鉴了人类学的具身概念,以考察SE - AN如何被体验为具有文化根基的现象。我们认为,SE - AN的体验受到文化影响,反过来又影响着身体在现实世界中的感知和实践。随着时间推移,日常仪式和惯例成为参与者生活的一部分,被视为构建生活世界的理所当然的实践。在这里,文化和自我并非分离,而是通过具身紧密地相互缠绕。通过具身范式来研究SE - AN对治疗模式具有重要意义,这些治疗模式试图将神经性厌食症从身体层面抽离,并将其与自我分离以实现康复。参与者描述说,将体验分离——从字面上讲就是使神经性厌食症脱离身体——不仅仅是失去一种身份认同;这会破坏她们的在世存在感。理解SE - AN本身是一种构建日常生活方方面面的结构,有助于我们理解对不同生活方式的恐惧,以及具身化惯例所带来的安全感。我们最后提出疑问:如果我们将具身作为研究SE - AN的一个方向,并专注于生活质量和伤害最小化,那么治疗方法会是什么样的。

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