CD44 impacts glomerular parietal epithelial cell changes in the aged mouse kidney.

CD44 contributes to the activation of glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs). Although CD44 expression is higher in PECs of healthy aged mice, the biological role of CD44 in PECs in this context remains unclear. Accordingly, young (4 months) and aged (24 months) CD44 mice were compared to age-matched CD44 mice, both aged in a nonstressed environment. Parietal epithelial cell densities were similar in both young and aged CD44 and CD44 mice. Phosphorylated ERK 1/2 (pERK) was higher in aged CD44 mice. Vimentin and α-SMA, markers of changes to the epithelial cell phenotype, were present in PECs in aged CD44 mice, but absent in aged CD44 mice in both outer cortical (OC) and juxtamedullary (JM) glomeruli. Because age-related glomerular hypertrophy was lower in CD44 mice, mTOR activation was assessed by phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6RP) staining. Parietal epithelial cells and glomerular tuft staining for pS6RP was lower in aged CD44 mice compared to aged CD44 mice. Podocyte density was higher in aged CD44 mice in both OC and JM glomeruli. These changes were accompanied by segmental and global glomerulosclerosis in aged CD44 mice, but absent in aged CD44 mice. These results show that the increase in CD44 in PECs in aged kidneys contributes to several changes to the glomerulus during healthy aging in mice, and may involve ERK and mTOR activation.