Hu Bin, Boakye-Yiadom Kofi Oti, Yu Wei, Yuan Zi-Wei, Ho William, Xu Xiaoyang, Zhang Xue-Qing
Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2020 Aug;9(16):e2000336. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202000336. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. In response to this and other worldwide health epidemics, nanomedicine has emerged as a rapidly evolving discipline that involves the development of innovative nanomaterials and nanotechnologies and their applications in therapy and diagnosis. Nanomedicine presents unique advantages over conventional medicines due to the superior properties intrinsic to nanoscopic therapies. Once used mainly for cancer therapies, recently, tremendous progress has been made in nanomedicine that has led to an overall improvement in the treatment and diagnosis of CVDs. This review elucidates the pathophysiology and potential targets of atherosclerosis and associated ischemic diseases. It may be fruitful to pursue future work in the nanomedicine-mediated treatment of CVDs based on these targets. A comprehensive overview is then provided featuring the latest preclinical and clinical outcomes in cardiovascular imaging, biomarker detection, tissue engineering, and nanoscale delivery, with specific emphasis on nanoparticles, nanostructured scaffolds, and nanosensors. Finally, the challenges and opportunities regarding the future development and clinical translation of nanomedicine in related fields are discussed. Overall, this review aims to provide a deep and thorough understanding of the design, application, and future development of nanomedicine for atherosclerosis and related ischemic diseases.
心血管疾病（CVDs）仍然是全球主要的死亡原因之一。针对这一情况以及其他全球健康问题，纳米医学已成为一门迅速发展的学科，涉及创新纳米材料和纳米技术的开发及其在治疗和诊断中的应用。由于纳米疗法固有的优越特性，纳米医学相对于传统药物具有独特优势。纳米医学曾经主要用于癌症治疗，最近在纳米医学方面取得了巨大进展，这使得心血管疾病的治疗和诊断得到了全面改善。本综述阐明了动脉粥样硬化及相关缺血性疾病的病理生理学和潜在靶点。基于这些靶点开展纳米医学介导的心血管疾病治疗的未来工作可能会卓有成效。接着提供了一个全面概述，介绍了心血管成像、生物标志物检测、组织工程和纳米级递送方面的最新临床前和临床成果，特别强调了纳米颗粒、纳米结构支架和纳米传感器。最后，讨论了纳米医学在相关领域未来发展和临床转化方面的挑战与机遇。总体而言，本综述旨在深入透彻地理解纳米医学在动脉粥样硬化及相关缺血性疾病中的设计、应用和未来发展。
