Mallise Carly A, Lane Alison E, Woolard Alix J, Whalen Olivia M, Murphy Vanessa E, Karayanidis Frini, Campbell Linda E
School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia; Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, University of Newcastle, Australia.
Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell®, University of Newcastle, Australia; School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
Res Dev Disabil. 2020 Sep;104:103711. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103711. Epub 2020 Jun 26.
Temperament is an important construct that shapes child development. Temperament is suggested to present differently in different groups, such as children with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, it is not known whether there are specific temperament features associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
This systematic review aimed to synthesise extant literature to determine whether there are temperament features associated with ASD in infancy, toddlerhood and childhood.
Following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we searched PsycINFO, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate and ProQuest for all available articles from database conception until January 2020. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklists were used to assess the methodological quality of included articles.
Twenty-six articles met the selection criteria: (1) reported on the temperament of children (0-12 years of age) diagnosed with ASD, (2) peer-reviewed; and (3) published in English. Articles varied in overall methodological quality. Infants later diagnosed with ASD were found to more frequently be described as having 'easy' temperament features in early infancy, compared to typically developing infants and infants with developmental concerns but not ASD. Once diagnosed, children with ASD were reported to, as a group, display more negative affect, less extraversion and less effortful control than typically developing children.
The literature suggests that more challenging temperament features are associated with ASD in childhood, but less is known about within group variability. Overall, this review highlights the need for further investigation into the variability of temperament in children with ASD.
气质是塑造儿童发展的一个重要概念。气质在不同群体中表现各异，比如患有神经发育障碍的儿童。然而，尚不清楚自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是否存在特定的气质特征。
本系统综述旨在综合现有文献，以确定在婴儿期、幼儿期和儿童期是否存在与ASD相关的气质特征。
按照系统综述的PRISMA指南，我们在PsycINFO、CINAHL、Academic Search Ultimate和ProQuest中搜索了从数据库建立到2020年1月的所有可用文章。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价清单来评估纳入文章的方法学质量。
26篇文章符合入选标准：（1）报告了被诊断为ASD的儿童（0至12岁）的气质情况；（2）经过同行评审；（3）以英文发表。文章的整体方法学质量各不相同。与发育正常以及有发育问题但未患ASD的婴儿相比，后来被诊断为ASD的婴儿在婴儿早期更常被描述为具有“随和”的气质特征。一旦被诊断，据报道，ASD儿童作为一个群体，比发育正常的儿童表现出更多的消极情绪、更少的外向性和更低的努力控制能力。
文献表明，在儿童期，更具挑战性的气质特征与ASD相关，但对于群体内部的变异性了解较少。总体而言，本综述强调有必要进一步研究ASD儿童气质的变异性。
