CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, UnivPaul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France.
CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, UnivPaul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France.
Trends Plant Sci. 2020 Nov;25(11):1107-1116. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.05.013. Epub 2020 Jun 26.
Establishing laws of plant and ecosystems functioning has been an overarching objective of functional and evolutionary ecology. However, most theories neglect the role of human activities in creating novel ecosystems characterized by species assemblages and environmental factors that are not observed in natural systems. We argue that agricultural weeds, as an emblematic case of such an 'ecological novelty', constitute an original and underutilized model for challenging current concepts in ecology and evolution. We highlight key aspects of weed ecology and evolutionary biology that can help to test and recast ecological and evolutionary laws in a changing world. We invite ecologists to seize upon weeds as a model system to improve our understanding of the short-term and long-term dynamics of ecological systems in the Anthropocene.
建立植物和生态系统功能的规律一直是功能和进化生态学的首要目标。然而，大多数理论忽视了人类活动在创造新型生态系统中的作用，这些生态系统的物种组合和环境因素在自然系统中是观察不到的。我们认为，农业杂草作为这种“生态新颖性”的典型案例，构成了一个原始的、未被充分利用的模型，可以用来挑战生态学和进化生物学中的现有概念。我们强调了杂草生态学和进化生物学的关键方面，这些方面可以帮助在不断变化的世界中检验和重塑生态学和进化规律。我们邀请生态学家利用杂草作为一个模型系统，以提高我们对人类世生态系统短期和长期动态的理解。
