Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Governors State University, University Park, IL, USA.
Nat Hum Behav. 2020 Sep;4(9):889-897. doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0899-5. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
There is a dearth of empirically validated pro-diversity methods that effectively create a more inclusive social climate. We developed two scalable interventions that target people's perceptions of social norms by communicating to them that their peers hold pro-diversity attitudes and engage in inclusive behaviours. We tested the interventions in six randomized controlled trials at a large public university in the United States (total n = 2,490). Non-marginalized students exposed to our interventions reported more positive attitudes toward outgroups and greater appreciation of diversity, whereas marginalized students had an increased sense of belonging, reported being treated more inclusively by their peers and earned better grades. While many current pro-diversity initiatives focus on raising awareness about the fact that implicit bias and subtle discrimination are widespread, our findings spotlight the importance of drawing people's attention to their peers' pro-diversity values and attitudes to create positive and lasting effects on the social climate.
目前缺乏经过实证验证的促进多样性的方法，这些方法无法有效地营造出更具包容性的社会氛围。我们开发了两种可扩展的干预措施，通过向人们传达他们的同龄人持有支持多样性的态度并表现出包容性的行为，来改变他们对社会规范的看法。我们在美国一所大型公立大学的六项随机对照试验中测试了这些干预措施（总样本量为 2490 人）。接触我们干预措施的非边缘学生对少数民族群体的态度更加积极，对多样性的欣赏程度也更高，而边缘学生则更有归属感，他们的同龄人对他们更加包容，他们的成绩也更好。虽然许多当前的促进多样性的举措都集中在提高人们对隐性偏见和微妙歧视普遍存在的认识上，但我们的研究结果强调了让人们关注他们的同龄人支持多样性的价值观和态度的重要性，以对社会氛围产生积极和持久的影响。
