Subki Ahmed Hussein, Almalki Mohammed Ali, Butt Nadeem Shafique, Alsallum Mohammed Saad, Almutairi Hatim Mashan, Khatib Hazim Abdulkarim, Alzahrani Abdulrahman Mousa, Babaker Abdullah Salem, Addas Firas Abdulrahman, Mashat Abdullah Abdulfattah, Jad Ammar Yasser, Zafar Zohair Abdulwahab, Nogali Baraa Waleed, Alghamdi Abdulaziz Abdulsalam, Alghamdi Nasser Adel, Dakhakhni Mohanad Fahad, Asaad Omar Tamer, Alghalayini Kamal Waheeb
Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Gen Med. 2020 Jun 9;13:281-288. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S251924. eCollection 2020.
Heart failure (HF) affects about 320,000 Saudi individuals and is associated with a considerable negative impact on the patients' quality of life. In literature, there is a lack of data about the echocardiographic abnormalities of HF patients in Saudi Arabia.
To describe the echocardiographic findings of HF patients in Western Saudi Arabia.
This was a retrospective record review study conducted on 2000 patients with chronic HF in Saudi Arabia. Demographic, clinical and echocardiographic data were collected and compared among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), ie, EF≤40%; HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), ie, EF=41-49%; and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), ie, EF≥50%.
Among the 2000 patients studied, females constituted 46.3% of the sample. About 52% of females had HFpEF, whilst 70% of males had HFrEF (p<0.0001). Diastolic dysfunction occurred in 98% of HFpEF versus 78% of HFrEF (p<0.0001). Patients with HFrEF had higher left-ventricular diastolic (LVd) volume (1536 versus 826), higher left-ventricular systolic (LVs) volume (1660 vs 772), higher left atrial volume (1344 vs 875), higher aortic root dimension (1144 vs 929) and lower fractional shortening (FS) (267 vs 1213) than patients with HFpEF (p<0.0001).
HFpEF was more common among females and was associated with higher rates of diastolic dysfunction and higher FS. HFrEF was prevalent among males and associated with higher LVd, LVs, left atrium volume and aortic root dimensions.
心力衰竭（HF）影响约32万沙特人，并对患者的生活质量产生相当大的负面影响。在文献中，缺乏关于沙特阿拉伯HF患者超声心动图异常的数据。
描述沙特阿拉伯西部HF患者的超声心动图表现。
这是一项对沙特阿拉伯2000例慢性HF患者进行的回顾性记录审查研究。收集了人口统计学、临床和超声心动图数据，并在射血分数降低的HF（HFrEF）患者（即EF≤40%）、射血分数中等范围的HF（HFmrEF）患者（即EF = 41 - 49%）和射血分数保留的HF（HFpEF）患者（即EF≥50%）之间进行比较。
在研究的2000例患者中，女性占样本的46.3%。约52%的女性患有HFpEF，而70%的男性患有HFrEF（p<0.0001）。98%的HFpEF患者出现舒张功能障碍，而HFrEF患者中这一比例为78%（p<0.0001）。与HFpEF患者相比，HFrEF患者的左心室舒张末期（LVd）容积更高（1536对826）、左心室收缩末期（LVs）容积更高（1660对772）、左心房容积更高（1344对875）、主动脉根部内径更大（1144对929）且缩短分数（FS）更低（267对1213）（p<0.0001）。
HFpEF在女性中更为常见，且与更高的舒张功能障碍发生率和更高的FS相关。HFrEF在男性中更为普遍，并与更高的LVd、LVs、左心房容积和主动脉根部内径相关。
