Apirajkamol Nonthakorn Beatrice, James Bill, Gordon Karl H J, Walsh Tom K, McGaughran Angela
Division of Ecology and Evolution Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia.
Black Mountain Laboratories Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Canberra ACT Australia.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Apr 29;10(12):5680-5693. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6308. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Stress is a widespread phenomenon that all organisms must endure. Common in nature is oxidative stress, which can interrupt cell homeostasis to cause cell damage and may be derived from respiration or from environmental exposure through diet. As a result of the routine exposure from respiration, many organisms can mitigate the effects of oxidative stress, but less is known about responses to oxidative stress from other sources. is a major agricultural pest moth that causes significant damage to crops worldwide. Here, we examined the effects of oxidative stress on by chronically exposing individuals to paraquat-a free radical producer-and measuring changes in development (weight, developmental rate, lifespan), and gene expression. We found that oxidative stress strongly affected development in , with stressed samples spending more time as caterpillars than control samples (>24 vs. ~15 days, respectively) and therefore living longer overall. We found 1,618 up- and 761 down-regulated genes, respectively, in stressed versus control samples. In the up-regulated gene set, was an over-representation of biological processes related to cuticle and chitin development, glycine metabolism, and oxidation-reduction. Oxidative stress clearly impacts physiology and biochemistry in and the interesting finding of an extended lifespan in stressed individuals could demonstrate hormesis, the phenomenon whereby toxic compounds can actually be beneficial at low doses. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into physiological and gene expression responses to oxidative stress in invertebrates.
应激是一种所有生物都必须承受的普遍现象。氧化应激在自然界中很常见，它会破坏细胞内稳态从而导致细胞损伤，可能源于呼吸作用或通过饮食的环境暴露。由于日常呼吸作用产生的暴露，许多生物能够减轻氧化应激的影响，但对于来自其他来源的氧化应激反应了解较少。[害虫名称]是一种主要的农业害虫蛾，在全球范围内对农作物造成重大损害。在这里，我们通过长期将个体暴露于百草枯（一种自由基产生剂）并测量发育（体重、发育速率、寿命）和基因表达的变化，研究了氧化应激对[害虫名称]的影响。我们发现氧化应激强烈影响[害虫名称]的发育，应激样本作为毛虫的时间比对照样本更长（分别为>24天对约15天），因此总体寿命更长。我们在应激样本与对照样本中分别发现了1618个上调基因和761个下调基因。在上调基因集中，与表皮和几丁质发育、甘氨酸代谢以及氧化还原相关的生物学过程占比过高。氧化应激显然会影响[害虫名称]的生理和生化过程，而应激个体寿命延长这一有趣发现可能证明了毒物兴奋效应，即低剂量的有毒化合物实际上可能是有益的这一现象。总体而言，我们的研究结果为无脊椎动物对氧化应激的生理和基因表达反应提供了新的见解。
