Fadakar Davoud, Bärmann Eva V, Lerp Hannes, Mirzakhah Masoumeh, Naseri Nasari Maryam, Rezaei Hamid Reza
Department of Natural Resources Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran.
Department of Fishery and Environment Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran.
Ecol Evol. 2020 May 8;10(12):5877-5891. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6324. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Goitered gazelles, exist in arid and semiarid regions of Asia from the Middle to the Far East. Although large populations were present over a vast area until recently, a decline of the population as a result of hunting, poaching, and habitat loss led to the IUCN classification of as "vulnerable." We examined genetic diversity, structure, and phylogeny of using mitochondrial cytochrome sequences from 18 geographically distant populations in Iran. The median-joining network of cyt haplotypes indicated that three clades of goitered gazelles can be distinguished: a Middle Eastern clade west of the Zagros Mountains (and connected to populations in Turkey and Iraq), a Central Iranian clade (with connection to Azerbaijan), and an Asiatic clade in northeastern Iran (with connection to Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and other Asian countries as far as northeastern China and Mongolia). Based on our results, we argue that Iran is the center of diversification of goitered gazelles, due to the presence of large mountain ranges and deserts that lead to the separation of populations. In accordance with previous morphological studies, we identified the Asiatic clade as the subspecies , and the other two clades as the nominate form . The new genetic information for goitered gazelles in Iran provides the basis for future national conservation programs of this species.
鹅喉羚分布于从中东到远东的亚洲干旱和半干旱地区。尽管直到最近在广阔区域内仍存在大量种群，但由于狩猎、偷猎和栖息地丧失导致种群数量下降，这使得国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）将其列为“易危”物种。我们利用来自伊朗18个地理上相距遥远的种群的线粒体细胞色素b序列，研究了鹅喉羚的遗传多样性、结构和系统发育。细胞色素b单倍型的中位数连接网络表明，鹅喉羚可分为三个进化枝：扎格罗斯山脉以西的中东进化枝（并与土耳其和伊拉克的种群相连）、伊朗中部进化枝（与阿塞拜疆相连）以及伊朗东北部的亚洲进化枝（与土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦以及远至中国东北和蒙古的其他亚洲国家相连）。基于我们的研究结果，我们认为伊朗是鹅喉羚的多样化中心，这是由于存在导致种群隔离的大型山脉和沙漠。根据之前的形态学研究，我们将亚洲进化枝确定为亚种蒙古鹅喉羚，另外两个进化枝确定为指名亚种鹅喉羚。伊朗鹅喉羚的新遗传信息为该物种未来的国家保护计划提供了依据。
