Department of the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.
NTM. 2020 Sep;28(3):451-479. doi: 10.1007/s00048-020-00259-3.
A reanalysis of the eight astronomical images that Johann Adam Schall von Bell incorporated in the first Chinese treatise on the telescope to illustrate the telescopic discoveries made by Galileo Galilei shows that they were borrowed from the works on telescopic astronomy by Galileo Galilei and Johann Georg Locher, a student of Christopher Scheiner. Except minor changes to both Galileo's illustrations of the telescopic view of the moon and nebulae and Locher's illustration of sunspots, Locher's images about the phases of Venus and Jovian satellites were redrawn presumably to convey a clearer commitment to Tycho Brahe's system of the world and most of the contents in Locher's image of Saturn was replaced by Schall's own observation. These changes seem to be the result of two important factors that confined the transcultural transmission of astronomical knowledge from Europe to China through the Jesuits in the seventeenth century, namely the official standpoint of the Catholic Church on the ongoing cosmological issues and the cultural tradition of Chinese astronomy.
对 Johann Adam Schall von Bell 收录在第一部中文望远镜论著中用以阐述 Galileo Galilei 望远镜发现的 8 幅天文图像进行重新分析表明，这些图像取自 Galileo Galilei 和 Johann Georg Locher 的望远镜天文学著作，而 Locher 是 Christopher Scheiner 的学生。除了对 Galileo 关于月球和星云的望远镜视图的插图以及 Locher 关于太阳黑子的插图进行了细微的改动外，Locher 关于金星相位和木星卫星的图像也被重新绘制，大概是为了更清晰地表达对 Tycho Brahe 世界体系的承诺，而 Locher 关于土星的图像中的大部分内容都被 Schall 自己的观测所取代。这些变化似乎是两个重要因素的结果，这两个因素限制了 17 世纪耶稣会士将欧洲的天文知识跨文化传播到中国，即天主教会对正在进行的宇宙学问题的官方立场和中国天文学的文化传统。
