Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9474 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.
Chembiochem. 2020 Dec 1;21(23):3291-3300. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202000343. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
By providing long-term protection against infectious diseases, vaccinations have significantly reduced death and morbidity worldwide. In the 21st century, (bio)technological advances have paved the way for developing prophylactic vaccines that are safer and more effective as well as enabling the use of vaccines as therapeutics to treat human diseases. Here, we provide a focused review of the utility of genetic code expansion as an emerging tool for the development of vaccines. Specifically, we discuss how the incorporation of immunogenic noncanonical amino acids can aid in eliciting immune responses against adverse self-proteins and highlight the potential of an expanded genetic code for the construction of replication-incompetent viruses. We close the review by discussing the future prospects and remaining challenges for the application of these approaches in the development of both prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines in the near future.
通过提供针对传染病的长期保护，疫苗接种已显著降低了全球的死亡率和发病率。在 21 世纪，（生物）技术进步为开发更安全、更有效的预防性疫苗铺平了道路，同时也使疫苗能够作为治疗人类疾病的疗法使用。在这里，我们重点介绍了遗传密码扩展作为开发疫苗的新兴工具的用途。具体来说，我们讨论了掺入免疫原性非标准氨基酸如何有助于引发针对不利自身蛋白的免疫反应，并强调了扩展遗传密码在构建无复制能力病毒方面的潜力。在综述的最后，我们讨论了在不久的将来，将这些方法应用于预防性和治疗性疫苗的开发中所面临的未来前景和剩余挑战。
