2006-2015 年服务行业噪声暴露工人听力损失的患病率。
Prevalence of hearing loss among noise-exposed workers within the services sector, 2006-2015.
机构信息
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH, USA.
出版信息
Int J Audiol. 2020 Dec;59(12):948-961. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2020.1780485. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss among noise-exposed U.S. workers within the Services sector.
METHODS
Audiograms for 1.9 million workers (158,436 within Services) from 2006 to 2015 were examined. Prevalence and adjusted risk for hearing loss as compared with a reference industry were estimated for the Services sector/sub-sectors, and all industries combined.
RESULTS
The prevalence of hearing loss within Services was 17 compared to 16% for all industries combined. However, many sub-sectors greatly exceeded the overall prevalence (10-33% higher) and/or had adjusted risks significantly higher than the reference industry. Workers in Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development had the highest prevalence (50%), and workers in Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators had more than double the risk, the highest of any sub-sector. Some sub-sectors traditionally viewed as 'low-risk' also had high prevalences and risks.
CONCLUSIONS
Large numbers of workers within Services have an elevated risk of hearing loss and need immediate hearing conservation efforts. Additional research and surveillance are needed for sub-sectors for which there is low awareness of hearing hazards or a lack of hearing data.
目的
本研究旨在估计服务业中接触噪声的美国工人听力损失的患病率。
方法
对 2006 年至 2015 年间的 190 万名工人（服务业内有 158436 人）的听力图进行了检查。对服务业/子行业以及所有行业的听力损失患病率和与参考行业相比的调整风险进行了估计。
结果
服务业的听力损失患病率为 17%，而所有行业的听力损失患病率为 16%。然而，许多子行业的患病率大大超过了总体患病率（高出 10-33%），或调整后的风险明显高于参考行业。城市规划和社区及农村发展管理部门的工人患病率最高（50%），固体废物焚烧炉和焚烧炉的工人风险是所有子行业中最高的，是其他子行业的两倍多。一些传统上被视为“低风险”的子行业也有较高的患病率和风险。
结论
服务业中大量工人听力损失的风险增加，需要立即采取听力保护措施。对于那些对听力危害认识不足或缺乏听力数据的子行业，需要进行额外的研究和监测。
Zotero 插件