Association of Schools and Programs in Public Health (ASPPH).
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Am J Ind Med. 2018 Jun;61(6):477-491. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22833. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of occupational noise exposure, hearing difficulty and cardiovascular conditions within US industries and occupations, and to examine any associations of these outcomes with occupational noise exposure.
National Health Interview Survey data from 2014 were examined. Weighted prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratios of self-reported hearing difficulty, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, and coronary heart disease or stroke were estimated by level of occupational noise exposure, industry, and occupation.
Twenty-five percent of current workers had a history of occupational noise exposure (14% exposed in the last year), 12% had hearing difficulty, 24% had hypertension, 28% had elevated cholesterol; 58%, 14%, and 9% of these cases can be attributed to occupational noise exposure, respectively.
Hypertension, elevated cholesterol, and hearing difficulty are more prevalent among noise-exposed workers. Reducing workplace noise levels is critical. Workplace-based health and wellness programs should also be considered.
本研究旨在评估美国各行业和职业中职业性噪声暴露、听力困难和心血管疾病的流行情况，并探讨这些结果与职业性噪声暴露的相关性。
对 2014 年国家健康访谈调查数据进行了分析。根据职业性噪声暴露水平、行业和职业，估计了自我报告的听力困难、高血压、高胆固醇血症和冠心病或中风的加权患病率和调整后的患病率比。
25%的现有工人有职业性噪声暴露史（14%在去年接触过噪声），12%有听力困难，24%有高血压，28%有高胆固醇血症；分别有 58%、14%和 9%的这些情况可归因于职业性噪声暴露。
高血压、高胆固醇血症和听力困难在噪声暴露工人中更为普遍。降低工作场所噪声水平至关重要。还应考虑基于工作场所的健康和福利计划。
