Psychiatry Section, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú.
Pychiatry, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2020 Jun;32(4):303-312. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1761778. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Throughout history, Latin American psychiatry has followed a variety of routes as its mythic-religious origins experienced the various influences of European and North American ideas of the last three centuries. In its modern trajectory, a post-colonial subordination was followed by a more selective import of ideas and a critical approach to their application in the New Continent. At one point, the identity of Latin American psychiatry was essentially considered mestiza, social and critical, reflecting a search for autonomy and originality. In this journey, Peruvian psychiatry has been considered one of the most representative versions of the history and position of the discipline. This article attempts to detail the identity-seeking process of Peruvian and Latin American Psychiatry through the life and work of three notable Peruvian figures: Honorio Delgado, Carlos Alberto Seguín and Humberto Rotondo. Delgado fostered the need for scientific evidence in support of any piece of knowledge, as well as humanism as essential component of best service and optimal patient care. Seguín led studies on folkloric and ethnic psychiatry, stimulated integrated approaches to care, and advocated in favour of a regional identity for psychiatry.
纵观历史，拉丁美洲精神病学沿着多种路径发展，其神话宗教起源经历了过去三个世纪欧洲和北美的各种影响。在其现代轨迹中，在后殖民时代的从属之后，是对思想的更有选择性的输入以及对其在新大陆应用的批判性方法。在某个时刻，拉丁美洲精神病学的身份被认为本质上是混杂的、社会批判的，反映了对自主性和原创性的追求。在这段旅程中，秘鲁精神病学被认为是该学科历史和地位最具代表性的版本之一。本文试图通过三位著名秘鲁人物的生平和工作详细描述秘鲁和拉丁美洲精神病学的身份寻求过程：Honorio Delgado、Carlos Alberto Seguín 和 Humberto Rotondo。Delgado 推动了对任何知识的科学证据的需求，以及人道主义作为最佳服务和最佳患者护理的基本组成部分。Seguín 领导了民俗和民族精神病学的研究，激发了综合护理方法，并主张精神病学具有地区身份。
