Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Vox Sang. 2020 Nov;115(8):624-627. doi: 10.1111/vox.12965. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Debate continues about whether monetary payments encourage or discourage self-motivated behaviour such as blood donation. With the growing number of paid plasma donation centres in the United States, and the ongoing challenge to recruit and retain volunteer blood donors, a better understanding of the impact of compensation on donation preferences is essential.
A sample of 459 undergraduate students (73·9% female, mean age =18·9, SD = 1·3 years) completed an anonymous online survey that included a question about their preference for donating blood, donating plasma or neither. Preferences were re-assessed after providing information regarding current differential compensation for blood and plasma donations, and in the context of a hypothetical scenario where both blood and plasma donors could receive payment.
Participants initially expressed a clear preference for donating blood (73·7%) relative to plasma (3·9%), but these preferences shifted in favour of plasma donation (47·7%) versus blood donation (39·4%) after learning that plasma donors can be paid. However, when asked to consider a hypothetical future wherein payment was offered for either type of donation, participants again reported a strong preference for donating blood (79·3%) relative to plasma (6·3%). These preferences did not differ as a function of sex or donation history.
These results suggest that a significant proportion of young adults are positively motivated to donate blood or blood products by the opportunity for payment.
关于金钱报酬是否会鼓励或抑制自我激励行为，如献血，仍存在争议。随着美国有偿血浆采集中心数量的不断增加，以及招募和留住志愿献血者的持续挑战，更好地了解补偿对献血偏好的影响至关重要。
一个由 459 名本科生（73.9%为女性，平均年龄=18.9 岁，标准差=1.3 岁）组成的样本完成了一项匿名在线调查，其中包括一个关于他们对献血、捐献血浆或两者都不捐的偏好的问题。在提供了关于血液和血浆捐献当前差异补偿的信息后，以及在假设血液和血浆捐献者都可以获得报酬的情况下，重新评估了他们的偏好。
参与者最初明确表示更愿意献血（73.7%）而不是捐血浆（3.9%），但在了解到血浆捐献者可以获得报酬后，他们的偏好转向了更倾向于捐血浆（47.7%）而不是献血（39.4%）。然而，当被要求考虑一个假设的未来，即对任何一种类型的捐献都提供报酬时，参与者再次报告强烈倾向于献血（79.3%）而不是捐血浆（6.3%）。这些偏好不受性别或捐献史的影响。
这些结果表明，相当一部分年轻人通过获得报酬的机会，对献血或血液制品有积极的捐献意愿。
