Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University for Life Sciences (NMBU), PO 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 2;10(1):10958. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67355-1.
Road runoff carries a mixture of contaminants that threatens the quality of natural water bodies and the health of aquatic organisms. The use of sedimentation ponds is a nature-based solution for the treatment of road runoff. This study assessed the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated homologues in sediment from seven highway sedimentation ponds and three natural urban ponds. In addition, the study explored the bioaccumulation of PAHs in dragonfly nymphs (Anisoptera). Finally, biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were estimated. The results revealed a significant difference in the concentrations of 16 priority PAHs in sediment, with overall higher levels in sedimentation ponds (2,911 µg/kg on average) compared to natural urban ponds (606 µg/kg on average). PAH levels increased substantially once alkylated homologues were considered, with alkylated comprising between 42 and 87% of the total PAH in sediment samples. These results demonstrate the importance of alkylated forms in the environmental assessment of PAHs. The bioaccumulation assessment indicates that dragonfly nymphs bioaccumulate PAHs to a certain degree. It is not clear, however, whether they metabolize PAHs. BSAF results ranged from approx. 0.006 to 10 and indicate that BSAFs can be a powerful tool to determine the functionality of sedimentation ponds.
道路径流携带多种污染物，威胁着天然水体的质量和水生生物的健康。使用沉淀塘是处理道路径流的一种基于自然的解决方案。本研究评估了七个高速公路沉淀塘和三个天然城市池塘中沉积物中多环芳烃 (PAH) 及其烷基化同系物的浓度。此外，还研究了蜻蜓若虫（Anisoptera）对 PAH 的生物积累情况。最后，还估计了生物群-沉积物积累因子 (BSAF)。结果表明，在沉积物中 16 种优先 PAH 的浓度存在显著差异，与天然城市池塘（平均 606 µg/kg）相比，沉淀塘中的沉积物（平均 2,911 µg/kg）浓度总体更高。一旦考虑到烷基化同系物，PAH 水平就会大幅增加，烷基化同系物占沉积物样品中总 PAH 的 42%至 87%之间。这些结果表明，在 PAHs 的环境评估中，烷基化形式非常重要。生物积累评估表明，蜻蜓若虫会在一定程度上积累 PAH。但尚不清楚它们是否会代谢 PAH。BSAF 的结果范围约为 0.006 至 10，表明 BSAF 可以成为确定沉淀塘功能的有力工具。
