Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Contact Dermatitis. 2021 Jan;84(1):15-23. doi: 10.1111/cod.13653. Epub 2020 Aug 3.
Prevalences of sensitivity to contact allergens change over time as a result of variations in allergen exposure.
The aim of the study was to describe trends in sensitisation to allergens of the European baseline series in Turkey between 2013 and 2019.
The patch test results of 1309 patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) were analysed retrospectively, and the prevalence of contact allergies to European baseline series allergens was compared with previous data (for 1998-2005).
A total of 534 (40.8%) patients exhibited one or more positive patch test reaction. The five most frequent allergens were nickel sulfate (19.6%), potassium dichromate (6.5%), cobalt chloride (6%), Myroxylon pereirae resin (5%), and p-phenylenediamine (PPD; 3.7%). Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of sensitisation to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; P < .001), Myroxylon pereirae resin (P < .001), PPD (P = .008), and fragrance mix I (P = .036) were observed in the 2013 to 2019 period compared with the 1998 to 2005 period. Conversely, positive reactions to neomycin sulfate (P = .029), clioquinol (P = .031), and primin (P = .001) decreased significantly.
This study provides a comprehensive profile of ACD in Turkey. The remarkable increase in the MI and MCI/MI contact allergy observed underlines the urgent need for regulatory measures to reduce exposure to MI and MCI/MI in Turkey.
由于变应原暴露的变化，接触变应原的敏感性的流行率会随时间而变化。
本研究旨在描述 2013 年至 2019 年期间土耳其欧洲基本系列变应原致敏趋势。
回顾性分析了 1309 例疑似过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）患者的斑贴试验结果，并将接触过敏原对欧洲基本系列过敏原的患病率与以往数据（1998-2005 年）进行比较。
共有 534 名（40.8%）患者出现一个或多个阳性斑贴试验反应。最常见的五种过敏原是硫酸镍（19.6%）、重铬酸钾（6.5%）、氯化钴（6%）、秘鲁香脂树脂（5%）和对苯二胺（PPD；3.7%）。与 1998-2005 年相比，2013-2019 年期间，对甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮（MCI/MI；P<0.001）、秘鲁香脂树脂（P<0.001）、PPD（P=0.008）和香料混合物 I（P=0.036）的过敏率显著增加。相反，对硫酸新霉素（P=0.029）、氯喹醇（P=0.031）和普里明（P=0.001）的阳性反应显著减少。
本研究提供了土耳其 ACD 的综合概况。观察到 MI 和 MCI/MI 接触过敏的显著增加，强调了在土耳其采取监管措施减少 MI 和 MCI/MI 暴露的迫切需要。
