Spohn H E, Lacoursiere R B, Thompson K, Coyne L
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977 Jun;34(6):633-44. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1977.01770180019001.
This study examined the effects of phenothiazine treatment on attentional-perceptual, cognitive, and psychophysiological dysfunction in chronic schizophrenics. Under double-blind conditions, 20 patients receiving chlorpromazine and 20 receiving placebo for eight weeks were tested by performance measures, clinically rated, and monitored for skin resistance and heart rate on four occasions. Phenothiazine effects on measures of attention-perception and on psychophysiological response were demonstrable, but not on tests and ratings of cognitive dysfunction. The direction of effects was toward normalization of function. Drug treatment tended to improve ability to sustain set, to increase efficiency of selective attention, and to increase rate of information processing. Autonomic reactivity was reduced and a deactivation effect suggested. Clinical improvement was correlated with reduction in attentional dysfunction. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for hypothesized behavioral mechanisms of drug action, primary "behavioral site" of drug action, therapeutic response measurement, and functional theories of schizophrenic psychopathology.
本研究考察了吩噻嗪治疗对慢性精神分裂症患者注意力-感知、认知及心理生理功能障碍的影响。在双盲条件下，对20名接受氯丙嗪治疗和20名接受安慰剂治疗八周的患者进行了四次测试，测试内容包括行为测量、临床评分，并监测皮肤电阻和心率。吩噻嗪对注意力-感知测量及心理生理反应有显著影响，但对认知功能障碍的测试和评分无影响。其影响方向是使功能恢复正常。药物治疗倾向于提高维持定势的能力、提高选择性注意的效率以及提高信息处理速度。自主反应性降低，提示有失活效应。临床改善与注意力功能障碍的减轻相关。从这些结果对药物作用的假设行为机制、药物作用的主要“行为部位”、治疗反应测量以及精神分裂症心理病理学的功能理论的意义方面进行了讨论。
