Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran; South Tehran Heath Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Health Psychology and Behavior Medicine Research Group, Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Psychosom Res. 2020 Sep;136:110178. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110178. Epub 2020 Jun 28.
This study aimed to investigate the role of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) and the moderating role of gender and age in predicting medication adherence (MA) and self-care behaviors (SCB) among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
This study was conducted on 495 patients with T2DM (73.5% female; n = 364) from two major cities of Iran (Tehran and Qom) in 2019. Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and conditional process analysis were performed. P < .05 and P < .10 were considered significant for the relationships and moderation analysis, respectively.
Neuroticism indicated a negative association with MA and SCB. Positive associations were found between MA and personality traits, including extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, whereas extraversion showed a weak correlation with SCB. According to the covariate-adjusted regression model, neuroticism had a negative effect on MA and SCB. Agreeableness had a positive effect on MA and a negative effect on SCB. However, extraversion exerted a negative effect on MA and a positive effect on SCB. Also, the negative effect of neuroticism on MA was highlighted in women, indicating marginally significant moderation effect. The positive effects of extraversion and conscientiousness on MA were moderated by age. The effect of conscientiousness on SCB was positive in young patients and negative in old patients. No interaction effect was observed between age and gender.
This study indicated that neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness significantly contributed to MA, but not to SCB. However, the effects were conditioned by age for extraversion and conscientiousness to some extent.
本研究旨在探讨五因素人格模型（FFM）以及性别和年龄的调节作用在预测伊朗 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者药物依从性（MA）和自我护理行为（SCB）中的作用。
本研究于 2019 年在伊朗两个主要城市（德黑兰和库姆）招募了 495 名 T2DM 患者（73.5%为女性；n=364）。进行了 Pearson 相关系数分析、多元回归分析和条件过程分析。P<.05 和 P<.10 分别被认为是关系和调节分析的显著水平。
神经质与 MA 和 SCB 呈负相关。MA 与人格特质，包括外向性、宜人性和尽责性呈正相关，而外向性与 SCB 呈弱相关。根据协变量调整的回归模型，神经质对 MA 和 SCB 有负面影响。宜人性对 MA 有积极影响，对 SCB 有消极影响。然而，外向性对 MA 有负面影响，对 SCB 有积极影响。此外，神经质对 MA 的负面影响在女性中更为明显，表明存在边际显著的调节效应。外向性和尽责性对 MA 的积极影响受年龄调节。尽责性对年轻患者的 SCB 有积极影响，对老年患者的 SCB 有消极影响。年龄和性别之间没有观察到交互效应。
本研究表明，神经质、外向性和宜人性对 MA 有显著影响，但对 SCB 没有影响。然而，在某种程度上，这些影响受到年龄的调节，对于外向性和尽责性来说，是这样的。
