Shi Jiahong, Dai Ting, Yang Ran, Sun Zhixia
Department of Ultrasound, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Ultrasound, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Clin Imaging. 2020 Dec;68:161-165. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.06.027. Epub 2020 Jun 22.
Intramuscular myxoma (IM) is a rare benign soft tumor of mesenchymal origin. Most IMs are located in the large skeletal muscles, and they are typically painless slow-growing masses that are detected incidentally. Surgical excision of IM usually has a good prognosis. Because of its rarity, diagnosing IM via imaging modalities such as ultrasonography (US), computed tomography, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be challenging. Relevant literature and cases were selected as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Characteristic imaging findings include a well-defined, ovoid mass with regular morphology and an orientation whereby the long axis is aligned with the course of muscle fibers. In US, IMs exhibit solid cystic mixed echo without obvious blood flow signal. However, MRI reveals hypointensity on T1-weighted images and hyperintensity on T2-weighted images with mild and patchy enhancement. In cases of suspected or potential IM, US and MRI can provide excellent resolution at a reasonable cost. This report aims to improve the recognition rate of IM. Herein, we review imaging characteristics that can contribute to the differential diagnosis of IM.
肌内黏液瘤（IM）是一种罕见的间叶源性良性软组织肿瘤。大多数肌内黏液瘤位于大的骨骼肌中，通常为无痛性缓慢生长的肿块，多为偶然发现。手术切除肌内黏液瘤通常预后良好。由于其罕见性，通过超声（US）、计算机断层扫描、正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像（MRI）等影像学手段诊断肌内黏液瘤具有挑战性。根据纳入和排除标准选择相关文献和病例。其特征性影像学表现包括边界清晰、形态规则的椭圆形肿块，其长轴与肌纤维走行一致。在超声检查中，肌内黏液瘤表现为实性囊性混合回声，无明显血流信号。然而，磁共振成像显示在T1加权图像上呈低信号，在T2加权图像上呈高信号，并伴有轻度斑片状强化。对于疑似或可能为肌内黏液瘤的病例，超声和磁共振成像可以以合理的成本提供出色的分辨率。本报告旨在提高肌内黏液瘤的识别率。在此，我们回顾有助于肌内黏液瘤鉴别诊断的影像学特征。
