Sarveswaran Gokul, Kulothungan Vaitheeswaran, Mathur Prashant
ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, India.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Sep-Oct;14(5):1005-1014. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.042. Epub 2020 Jun 7.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and its risk factors are increasing worldwide and in India. Controlling the rise in risk factors at present is crucial to prevent NCD surge in future. Current study was conducted to estimate the burden of clustering of NCD risk factors among adult population (18-69 years) residing in selected villages of rural Bengaluru, Karnataka METHODS: Population based screening for NCD risk factors were carried out among adults in rural Bengaluru during May to October 2019. NCD risk factors were screened using WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPs) instrument and Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) NCD risk factor tool. Presence of three or more risk factors in same individual was considered as presence of clustering of NCD risk factors. Additional analysis was done for clustering of NCD risk factors with different number of risk factors.
Prevalence of clustering of NCD risk factors in rural adult population was as follows; ≥2 risk factors 81.0%, ≥3 risk factors 56.3%, ≥4 risk factors 33.6%, ≥5 risk factors 14.5% and ≥6 risk factors 4.8%. The most common NCD risk factors were inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (82.3%), physical inactivity (46.8%) and central obesity (46.4%). Clustering NCD risk factors were significantly associated with increased age, males and lower levels of education.
High burden of clustering of risk factor indicates the need for health policies with integrated NCD risk factors prevention strategies than targeted approach. Awareness regarding the effect of clustering needs to be increased among the primary care physicians practising in rural areas.
非传染性疾病（NCDs）及其危险因素在全球和印度均呈上升趋势。目前控制危险因素的上升对于预防未来非传染性疾病的激增至关重要。本研究旨在估计居住在卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔农村选定村庄的成年人口（18 - 69岁）中非传染性疾病危险因素聚集的负担。方法：2019年5月至10月期间，在班加罗尔农村地区对成年人进行了基于人群的非传染性疾病危险因素筛查。使用世界卫生组织慢性病危险因素监测逐步方法（STEPs）工具和综合疾病监测项目（IDSP）非传染性疾病危险因素工具对非传染性疾病危险因素进行筛查。同一个体中存在三个或更多危险因素被视为存在非传染性疾病危险因素聚集。对不同数量危险因素的非传染性疾病危险因素聚集进行了额外分析。结果：农村成年人口中非传染性疾病危险因素聚集的患病率如下：≥2个危险因素为81.0%，≥3个危险因素为56.3%，≥4个危险因素为33.6%，≥5个危险因素为14.5%，≥6个危险因素为4.8%。最常见的非传染性疾病危险因素是水果和蔬菜摄入不足（82.3%）、身体活动不足（46.8%）和中心性肥胖（46.4%）。非传染性疾病危险因素聚集与年龄增加、男性以及较低教育水平显著相关。结论：危险因素聚集的高负担表明需要制定具有综合非传染性疾病危险因素预防策略的卫生政策，而不是针对性方法。需要提高在农村地区执业的初级保健医生对聚集影响的认识。
