印度全国非传染性疾病监测调查（NNMS）：估算成年人口中的风险因素患病率。
National noncommunicable disease monitoring survey (NNMS) in India: Estimating risk factor prevalence in adult population.
作者信息
Mathur Prashant, Kulothungan Vaitheeswaran, Leburu Sravya, Krishnan Anand, Chaturvedi Himanshu Kumar, Salve Harshal Ramesh, Amarchand Ritvik, Nongkynrih Baridalyne, Kumar P Ganesh, K S Vinay Urs, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Laxmaiah A, Boruah Manjit, Kumar Sanjeev, Patro Binod Kumar, Raghav Pankaja Ravi, Rajkumar Prabu, Sarma P Sankara, Sharma Rinku, Tambe Muralidhar, Thankappan K R, Arlappa N, Mahanta Tulika Goswami, Joshi Rajnish P, Rustagi Neeti, Gupta Sonia, Behera Binod Kumar, Shelke Sangita Chandrakant, Galhotra Abhiruchi, Bhuyan Pranab Jyoti, Pakhare Abhijit P, Kumar Dewesh, Topno Roshan K, Gupta Manoj Kumar, Trivedi Atulkumar V, Garg Suneela
机构信息
Indian Council Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 2;16(3):e0246712. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246712. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
The primary objective of National NCD monitoring survey (NNMS) was to generate national-level estimates of key NCD indicators identified in the national NCD monitoring framework. This paper describes survey study protocol and prevalence of risk factors among adults (18-69 years).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
NNMS was a national level cross-sectional survey conducted during 2017-18. The estimated sample size was 12,000 households from 600 primary sampling units. One adult (18-69 years) per household was selected using the World Health Organization-KISH grid. The study tools were adapted from WHO-STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance, IDSP-NCD risk factor survey and WHO-Global adult tobacco survey. Total of 8/10 indicators of adult NCD risk factors according to national NCD disease monitoring framework was studied. This survey for the first time estimated dietary intake of salt intake of population at a national level from spot urine samples.
RESULTS
Total of 11139 households and 10659 adults completed the survey. Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use was 32.8% (95% CI: 30.8-35.0) and 15.9% (95% CI: 14.2-17.7) respectively. More than one-third adults were physically inactive [41.3% (95% CI: 39.4-43.3)], majority [98.4% (95% CI: 97.8-98.8)] consumed less than 5 servings of fruits and / or vegetables per day and mean salt intake was 8 g/day (95% CI: 7.8-8.2). Proportion with raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose were 28.5% (95% CI: 27.0-30.1) and 9.3% (95% CI: 8.3-10.5) respectively. 12.8% (95% CI: 11.2-14.5) of adults (40-69 years) had ten-year CVD risk of ≥30% or with existing CVD.
CONCLUSION
NNMS was the first comprehensive national survey providing relevant data to assess India's progress towards targets in National NCD monitoring framework and NCD Action Plan. Established methodology and findings from survey would contribute to plan future state-based surveys and also frame policies for prevention and control of NCDs.
背景
国家非传染性疾病监测调查（NNMS）的主要目标是得出国家非传染性疾病监测框架中确定的关键非传染性疾病指标的全国估计数。本文描述了调查研究方案以及成年人（18至69岁）中风险因素的流行情况。
材料与方法
NNMS是在2017 - 18年期间进行的一项全国性横断面调查。估计样本量为来自600个初级抽样单位的12000户家庭。使用世界卫生组织 - KISH网格从每户家庭中选取一名成年人（18至69岁）。研究工具改编自世界卫生组织逐步式非传染性疾病风险因素监测方法、印度疾病监测点非传染性疾病风险因素调查以及世界卫生组织全球成人烟草调查。根据国家非传染性疾病疾病监测框架，共研究了成人非传染性疾病风险因素的8/10项指标。本次调查首次从即时尿样中估计了全国人口的盐摄入量。
结果
共有11139户家庭和10659名成年人完成了调查。烟草和酒精使用的患病率分别为32.8%（95%置信区间：30.8 - 35.0）和15.9%（95%置信区间：14.2 - 17.7）。超过三分之一的成年人身体活动不足[41.3%（95%置信区间：39.4 - 43.3）]，大多数人[98.4%（95%置信区间：97.8 - 98.8）]每天食用水果和/或蔬菜少于5份，平均盐摄入量为8克/天（95%置信区间：7.8 - 8.2）。血压升高和血糖升高的比例分别为28.5%（95%置信区间：27.0 - 30.1）和9.3%（95%置信区间：8.3 - 10.5）。12.8%（95%置信区间：11.2 - 14.5）的成年人（40至69岁）十年心血管疾病风险≥30%或患有现患心血管疾病。
结论
NNMS是首次全面的全国性调查，提供了相关数据以评估印度在国家非传染性疾病监测框架和非传染性疾病行动计划中朝着目标取得的进展。调查既定的方法和结果将有助于规划未来基于邦的调查，并制定非传染性疾病预防和控制政策。
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