Yu Jia-Le, Qian Zhi-Gang, Zhong Jian-Jiang
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai P. R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China.
Eng Life Sci. 2018 Jul 24;18(9):668-681. doi: 10.1002/elsc.201800023. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Growing concerns of environmental pollution and fossil resource shortage are major driving forces for bio-based production of chemicals traditionally from petrochemical industry. Dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) are important platform chemicals with large market and wide applications, and here the recent advances in bio-based production of straight-chain DCAs longer than C4 from biological approaches, especially by synthetic biology, are reviewed. A couple of pathways were recently designed and demonstrated for producing DCAs, even those ranging from C5 to C15, by employing respective starting units, extending units, and appropriate enzymes. Furthermore, in order to achieve higher production of DCAs, enormous efforts were made in engineering microbial hosts that harbored the biosynthetic pathways and in improving properties of biocatalytic elements to enhance metabolic fluxes toward target DCAs. Here we summarize and discuss the current advantages and limitations of related pathways, and also provide perspectives on synthetic pathway design and optimization for hyper-production of DCAs.
对环境污染和化石资源短缺的日益担忧是传统上由石化工业转向生物基化学品生产的主要驱动力。二元羧酸（DCA）是重要的平台化学品，市场广阔且应用广泛，本文综述了从生物学途径，特别是通过合成生物学，生物基生产长于C4的直链二元羧酸的最新进展。最近设计并展示了几条利用各自的起始单元、延伸单元和合适的酶来生产二元羧酸（甚至包括从C5到C15的二元羧酸）的途径。此外，为了实现更高的二元羧酸产量，在构建含有生物合成途径的微生物宿主以及改善生物催化元件的特性以增强向目标二元羧酸的代谢通量方面做出了巨大努力。在此，我们总结并讨论相关途径目前的优势和局限性，同时也为二元羧酸高产的合成途径设计和优化提供展望。
