Werner Nicole, Zibek Susanne
Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Oct 5;33(11):194. doi: 10.1007/s11274-017-2360-0.
Long-chain α,ω-dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) are versatile chemical intermediates of industrial importance used as building blocks for the production of polymers, lubricants, or adhesives. The majority of industrial long-chain DCAs is produced from petro-chemical resources. An alternative is their biotechnological production from renewable materials like plant oil fatty acids by microbial fermentation using oleogenious yeasts. Oleogenious yeasts are natural long-chain DCA producers, which have to be genetically engineered for high-yield DCA production. Although, some commercialized fermentation processes using engineered yeasts are reported, bio-based long-chain DCAs are still far from being a mass product. Further progress in bioprocess engineering and rational strain design is necessary to advance their further commercialization. The present article reviews the basic strategies, as well as novel approaches in the strain design of oleogenious yeasts, such as the combination of traditional metabolic engineering with system biology strategies for high-yield long-chain DCA production. Therefore a detailed overview of the involved metabolic processes for the biochemical long-chain DCA synthesis is given.
长链α,ω-二羧酸（DCAs）是具有重要工业价值的通用化学中间体，可用作生产聚合物、润滑剂或粘合剂的原料。大多数工业用长链DCAs是由石化资源生产的。另一种选择是通过使用产油酵母进行微生物发酵，从植物油脂肪酸等可再生材料中生物技术生产DCAs。产油酵母是天然的长链DCA生产者，为了实现高产DCA生产，必须对其进行基因工程改造。尽管有报道称一些使用工程酵母的商业化发酵工艺，但生物基长链DCAs仍远未成为大规模产品。生物工艺工程和合理的菌株设计需要进一步进展，以推动其进一步商业化。本文综述了产油酵母菌株设计的基本策略以及新方法，例如将传统代谢工程与系统生物学策略相结合以实现高产长链DCA生产。因此，本文详细概述了参与生化长链DCA合成的代谢过程。
