Lamb Jacob J, Bernard Olivier, Sarker Shiplu, Lien Kristian M, Hjelme Dag Roar
Department of Electronic Systems & ENERSENSE NTNU Trondheim Norway.
Department of Energy and Process Engineering & ENERSENSE NTNU Trondheim Norway.
Eng Life Sci. 2019 Sep 5;19(11):759-769. doi: 10.1002/elsc.201900063. eCollection 2019 Nov.
Biogas production is becoming significantly viable as an energy source for replacing fossil-based fuels. The further development of the biogas production process could lead to significant improvements in its potential. Wastewater treatment currently accounts for 3% of the electrical energy load in developed countries, while it could be developed to provide a source of nitrogen and phosphorus, in addition to energy. The improvement of anaerobic digestion (AD) detection technologies is the cornerstone to reach higher methane productivities and develop fully automatized processes to decrease operational costs. New sensors are requested to automatically obtain a better interpretation of the complex and dynamical internal reactor environment. This will require detailed systematic detection in order to realize a near-optimal production process. In this review, optical fiber-based sensors will be discussed to assess their potential for use in AD. There is currently a disparity between the complexity of AD, and online detection. By improving the durability, sensitivity, and cost of dissolved H (as well as HS, acetic acid, ammonia, and methane) sensor technology, further understanding of the AD process may allow the prevention of process failure. The emergence of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing with optical fibers coupled with the H-sensitive metal palladium, allows detection of dissolved hydrogen in liquid. By implementing these SPR sensors into AD, improvements to the biogas production process, even at small scales, may be achieved by guiding the process in the optimum direction, avoiding the collapse of the biological process. This review intends to assess the feasibility of online, cost-effective, rapid, and efficient detection of dissolved H, as well as briefly assessing HS, acetic acid, ammonia, and methane in AD by SPR.
沼气生产作为一种替代化石燃料的能源正变得越来越可行。沼气生产工艺的进一步发展可能会使其潜力得到显著提升。目前，废水处理占发达国家电能负荷的3%，而它还可以进一步发展，除了提供能源外，还能提供氮和磷的来源。改进厌氧消化（AD）检测技术是提高甲烷生产率和开发全自动工艺以降低运营成本的基石。需要新型传感器来自动更好地解读复杂且动态变化的内部反应器环境。这将需要进行详细的系统检测，以实现接近最优的生产过程。在本综述中，将讨论基于光纤的传感器，以评估其在厌氧消化中的应用潜力。目前，厌氧消化的复杂性与在线检测之间存在差距。通过提高溶解氢（以及硫化氢、乙酸、氨和甲烷）传感器技术的耐用性、灵敏度和成本，对厌氧消化过程的进一步了解可能有助于预防过程故障。表面等离子体共振（SPR）传感技术与对氢敏感的金属钯相结合应用于光纤，可实现对液体中溶解氢的检测。通过将这些SPR传感器应用于厌氧消化，即使在小规模情况下，也可以通过将过程引导至最佳方向来改进沼气生产工艺，避免生物过程的崩溃。本综述旨在评估在线、经济高效、快速且有效地检测溶解氢的可行性，并简要评估通过SPR对厌氧消化中的硫化氢、乙酸、氨和甲烷的检测。
