Niño Oscar M S, da Costa Charles S, Torres Karine M, Zanol Jordana F, Freitas-Lima Leandro C, Miranda-Alves Leandro, Graceli Jones B
Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil; Bachelor of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Human Sciences and Education, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio-Meta, Colombia.
Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Toxicol Lett. 2020 Oct 10;332:42-55. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.002. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
Obesity is associated with several female reproductive complications, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The exact mechanism of this relationship remains unclear. Few previous studies using diet containing refined carbohydrate (HCD) leading to obesity have been performed and it is unclear if HCD is linked with reproductive dysfunctions. In this investigation, we assessed whether subchronic HCD exposure results in reproductive and other irregularities. Female rats were fed with HCD for 15 days and metabolic outcomes and reproductive tract morphophysiology were assessed. We further assessed reproductive tract inflammation, oxidative stress (OS) and fibrosis. HCD rats displayed metabolic impairments, such as an increase in body weight/adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophic, abnormal lipid profile, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance (IR) and hyperleptinemia. Improper functioning of the HCD reproductive tract was observed. Specifically, irregular estrous cyclicity, high LH levels and abnormal ovarian morphology coupled with reduction in primordial and primary follicle numbers was observed, suggesting ovarian reserve depletion. Improper follicular development and a reduction in antral follicles, corpora lutea and granulosa layer area together with an increase in cystic follicles were apparent. Uterine atrophy and reduction in endometrial gland (GE) number was observed in HCD rats. Reproductive tract inflammation, OS and fibrosis were seen in HCD rats. Further, strong positive correlations were observed between body weight/adiposity and IR with estrous cycle length, cystic follicles, ovarian reserve, GE and other abnormalities. Thus, these data suggest that the subchronic HCD exposure led to PCOS-like features, impaired ovarian reserve, GE number, and other reproductive abnormalities in female rats.
肥胖与多种女性生殖并发症相关，如多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）。这种关系的确切机制尚不清楚。此前很少有使用含精制碳水化合物饮食（HCD）导致肥胖的研究，且尚不清楚HCD是否与生殖功能障碍有关。在本研究中，我们评估了亚慢性HCD暴露是否会导致生殖及其他异常情况。给雌性大鼠喂食HCD 15天，并评估其代谢结果及生殖道形态生理学。我们进一步评估了生殖道炎症、氧化应激（OS）和纤维化。HCD大鼠出现了代谢损伤，如体重/肥胖增加、脂肪细胞肥大、血脂异常、葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素抵抗（IR）以及高瘦素血症。观察到HCD大鼠生殖道功能异常。具体而言，观察到发情周期不规律、促黄体生成素（LH）水平升高、卵巢形态异常，同时原始卵泡和初级卵泡数量减少，提示卵巢储备耗竭。卵泡发育异常、窦状卵泡、黄体和颗粒层面积减少，同时囊性卵泡增加，这些情况很明显。在HCD大鼠中观察到子宫萎缩和子宫内膜腺体（GE）数量减少。在HCD大鼠中可见生殖道炎症、OS和纤维化。此外，观察到体重/肥胖和IR与发情周期长度、囊性卵泡、卵巢储备、GE及其他异常之间存在强正相关。因此，这些数据表明，亚慢性HCD暴露导致雌性大鼠出现PCOS样特征、卵巢储备受损、GE数量减少及其他生殖异常。
