Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Apr 19;12:656831. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.656831. eCollection 2021.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is correlated with disorders of the reproductive system, such as the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). While consumption of a diet rich in carbohydrates is linked to the development of MetS, it is still unclear if this diet leads to ovarian dysfunction and PCOS.
We investigated the influence of a high-sucrose diet (HSD) on the ovarian milieu of Wistar rats and studied the correlation between high consumption of sugary drinks and the prevalence of PCOS in women.
Wistar rats were given a standard laboratory diet (CTR, 10% sucrose, n = 8) or HSD (HSD, 25% sucrose, n = 8) from postnatal day 21 to 120. Animals were evaluated weekly to calculate food intake, feed efficiency and weight gain. Both onset of puberty and estrous cycle were monitored. Metabolic serum biochemistry, organ morphometry and ovarian histology were performed upon euthanasia. In parallel, a fixed-effects multiple linear regression analysis was performed using data from Brazilian states (459 state-year observations) to test the correlation between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (surrogate for HSD intake) and the prevalence of PCOS (surrogate for ovarian dysfunction).
HSD animals showed increased adipose tissue accumulation, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance when compared to CTR. Interestingly HSD rats also entered puberty earlier than CTR. Moreover, ovaries from HSD animals had an increased number of atretic antral follicles and cystic follicles, which were correlated with the hypertrophy of periovarian adipocytes. Finally, there was a positive correlation between the intake of sugary drinks and prevalence of PCOS in women of reproductive age.
HSD ingestion leads to ovarian dysfunction in rats and could be correlated with PCOS in women, suggesting these alterations could lead to public health issues. Therefore, we reinforce the deleterious impact of HSD to the ovarian system and suggest that the reduction of added sugars intake could be beneficial to ovarian health.
代谢综合征（MetS）与生殖系统疾病相关，如多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）。虽然富含碳水化合物的饮食与 MetS 的发生有关，但尚不清楚这种饮食是否会导致卵巢功能障碍和 PCOS。
我们研究了高蔗糖饮食（HSD）对 Wistar 大鼠卵巢环境的影响，并研究了高糖饮料摄入与女性 PCOS 患病率之间的相关性。
从出生后第 21 天到 120 天，Wistar 大鼠给予标准实验室饮食（CTR，10%蔗糖，n=8）或 HSD（HSD，25%蔗糖，n=8）。每周评估动物以计算食物摄入量、饲料效率和体重增加。同时监测青春期和发情周期的开始。安乐死后进行代谢血清生化、器官形态测量和卵巢组织学检查。此外，还使用巴西各州的数据（459 个州-年观察值）进行固定效应多元线性回归分析，以检验糖饮料（HSD 摄入量的替代物）消费与 PCOS 患病率（卵巢功能障碍的替代物）之间的相关性。
与 CTR 相比，HSD 动物表现出脂肪组织积累增加、高血糖和胰岛素抵抗。有趣的是，HSD 大鼠也比 CTR 更早进入青春期。此外，HSD 动物的卵巢中闭锁的窦前卵泡和囊性卵泡数量增加，这与周围脂肪细胞的肥大有关。最后，女性生育年龄的含糖饮料摄入量与 PCOS 患病率呈正相关。
HSD 摄入导致大鼠卵巢功能障碍，可能与女性 PCOS 相关，提示这些改变可能导致公共卫生问题。因此，我们强调 HSD 对卵巢系统的有害影响，并建议减少添加糖的摄入可能对卵巢健康有益。
