Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China.
Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Jul 6;12(14):14691-14698. doi: 10.18632/aging.103523.
Bladder cancer is three to four times more common among men than women. The objectives of this study were to explore the association between reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of bladder cancer among women using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort, and to perform a meta-analysis based on cohort studies. After a median of 11.6 years of follow-up, 237 incident bladder cancer cases were identified in PLCO cohort. Compared with menopause at 50-54 years, earlier menopause (< 45 years) was positively but not significantly associated with bladder cancer risk (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.91-1.71; p = 0.176). In the meta-analysis, parous women had significantly lower bladder cancer risk than nulliparous women (pooled HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.86). In addition, menopause at an earlier age was significantly associated with a higher risk of bladder cancer (pooled HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40). In conclusion, this study indicated a greater risk in bladder cancer among nulliparous women and among women with early menopause. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.
膀胱癌在男性中的发病率是女性的三到四倍。本研究的目的是利用前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）队列的数据，探索生育和激素因素与女性膀胱癌风险之间的关联，并基于队列研究进行荟萃分析。在中位随访 11.6 年后，PLCO 队列中确定了 237 例膀胱癌新发病例。与 50-54 岁绝经相比，更早的绝经（<45 岁）与膀胱癌风险呈正相关但无统计学意义（HR 1.25，95%CI 0.91-1.71；p = 0.176）。在荟萃分析中，多产妇患膀胱癌的风险明显低于未产妇（汇总 HR 0.79，95%CI 0.73-0.86）。此外，较早的绝经年龄与膀胱癌风险增加显著相关（汇总 HR 1.22，95%CI 1.06-1.40）。总之，本研究表明，未产妇和早绝经的女性患膀胱癌的风险更大。需要进一步研究以了解潜在机制。
