Thiruppathi Antony R, Sidhureddy Boopathi, Boateng Emmanuel, Soldatov Dmitriy V, Chen Aicheng
Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jul 1;10(7):1295. doi: 10.3390/nano10071295.
Graphene is an attractive soft material for various applications due to its unique and exclusive properties. The processing and preservation of 2D graphene at large scales is challenging due to its inherent propensity for layer restacking. Three-dimensional graphene-based nanomaterials (3D-GNMs) preserve their structures while improving processability along with providing enhanced characteristics, which exhibit some notable advantages over 2D graphene. This feature article presents recent trends in the fabrication and characterization of 3D-GNMs toward the study of their morphologies, structures, functional groups, and chemical compositions using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Owing to the attractive properties of 3D-GNMs, which include high surface areas, porous structures, improved electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and robust structures, they have generated tremendous interest for various applications such as energy storage, sensors, and energy conversion. This article summarizes the most recent advances in electrochemical applications of 3D-GNMs, pertaining to energy storage, where they can serve as supercapacitor electrode materials and energy conversion as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts, along with an outlook.
由于其独特的性质，石墨烯是一种适用于各种应用的有吸引力的软材料。二维石墨烯由于其固有的层间重新堆叠倾向，在大规模加工和保存方面具有挑战性。三维石墨烯基纳米材料（3D-GNMs）在保持其结构的同时提高了可加工性，并具有增强的特性，与二维石墨烯相比具有一些显著优势。这篇专题文章介绍了三维石墨烯基纳米材料制备和表征的最新趋势，通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱研究其形态、结构、官能团和化学成分。由于三维石墨烯基纳米材料具有吸引人的特性，包括高表面积、多孔结构、改善的导电性、高机械强度和坚固的结构，它们在能量存储、传感器和能量转换等各种应用中引起了极大的兴趣。本文总结了三维石墨烯基纳米材料在电化学应用方面的最新进展，涉及能量存储（可作为超级电容器电极材料）和能量转换（作为氧还原反应催化剂），并展望了未来发展。
