Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.
General Practice Unit, Prescot Specialist Medical Centre, Welfare Quarters, Makurdi, Benue State 972261, Nigeria.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 1;17(13):4740. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134740.
Studies on the association between infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and diarrhoea across regional India are limited. Hence, we examined the association between IYCF practices and diarrhoea in regional India. A weighted sample of 90,596 (North = 11,200, South = 16,469, East = 23,317, West = 11,512, Central = 24,870 and North-East = 3228) from the 2015-2016 National Family Health Survey in India was examined, using multivariate logistic regressions that adjust for clustering and sampling weights. The IYCF indicators included early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), exclusive breastfeeding (ExcBF), predominant breastfeeding (PBF), bottle feeding (BotF), continued breastfeeding (BF) at one-year, continued BF at two years, children ever breastfed and the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods (ISSSF). Diarrhoea prevalence was lower among infants who were BF within one-hour of birth and those who were exclusively breastfed. Multivariate analyses revealed that continued BF at one and two years, and infants who were introduced to complementary foods had a higher prevalence of diarrhoea. EIBF and ExcBF were protective against diarrhoea in the regions of North, East and Central India. PBF, BotF and ISSSF were risk factors for diarrhoea in Central India. Continued BF at two years was a risk factor for diarrhoea in Western India. Findings suggested that EIBF and ExcBF were protective against diarrhoea in Northern, Eastern and Central India, while PBF, BotF, continued BF at two years and ISSSF were risk factors for diarrhoea in various regions in India. Improvements in IYCF practices are likely to reduce the burden of diarrhoea-related morbidity and mortality across regions in India.
针对印度各地区婴幼儿喂养实践（IYCF）与腹泻之间的关联，研究十分有限。因此，我们对印度各地区 IYCF 实践与腹泻之间的关联进行了研究。本研究采用多变量逻辑回归方法，对 2015-2016 年印度国家家庭健康调查中（北印度：11200 例，南印度：16469 例，东印度：23317 例，西印度：11512 例，中印度：24870 例，东北印度：3228 例）的 90596 名加权样本进行了分析，调整了聚类和抽样权重。IYCF 指标包括早期母乳喂养（EIBF）、纯母乳喂养（ExcBF）、主要母乳喂养（PBF）、奶瓶喂养（BotF）、一岁时持续母乳喂养、两岁时持续母乳喂养、儿童曾母乳喂养以及固体、半固体或软食（ISSSF）的引入。在出生后一小时内进行母乳喂养以及纯母乳喂养的婴儿腹泻患病率较低。多变量分析显示，一岁和两岁时持续母乳喂养以及添加补充食品的婴儿腹泻患病率较高。EIBF 和 ExcBF 对印度北部、东部和中部地区的腹泻有保护作用。PBF、BotF 和 ISSSF 是印度中部地区腹泻的危险因素。两岁时持续母乳喂养是印度西部腹泻的危险因素。结果表明，EIBF 和 ExcBF 对印度北部、东部和中部地区的腹泻有保护作用，而 PBF、BotF、两岁时持续母乳喂养和 ISSSF 是印度各地区腹泻的危险因素。改善 IYCF 实践可能会降低印度各地区与腹泻相关的发病和死亡负担。
