Department of Food and Nutrition, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 2;17(13):4772. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134772.
CrossFit is a discipline with high training and nutritional requirements. To date, there is only scarce data evaluating nutrition among CrossFit training and they mostly focus on selected nutritional interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive study was the assessment of dietary intake and nutritional status in a selected group of CrossFit-trained participants. The study consisted of 62 CrossFit athletes (31 men and 31 women, aged 31.0 ± 5.2 and 30.0 ± 4.3 years, respectively). Body composition was analyzed by electrical bioimpedance. Dietary intake was assessed using a standardized 3-day food record. Body fat percentage for females and males was 20.3 ± 4.3% and 13.7 ± 3.3% respectively. The energy intake in the diet was lower (~1700 kcal in women and ~2300 kcal in men) than the recommended demand. Moreover, low consumption of carbohydrates was stated, as well as an inadequate intake of folate, vitamin E (in women), and minerals, such as Fe and Ca (in women). The energy, carbohydrate, iron, and calcium intake in the CrossFit participants' diet was too low in comparison to recommendations. It seems justified to educate athletes and coaches about nutritional habits, and individual energy and nutrients requirements.
CrossFit 是一项对训练和营养要求都很高的运动。迄今为止，仅有少量数据评估了 CrossFit 训练中的营养情况，且这些数据主要集中在特定的营养干预措施上。因此，本研究的目的是评估特定的 CrossFit 训练参与者的饮食摄入和营养状况。该研究共纳入 62 名 CrossFit 运动员（男性 31 名，女性 31 名，年龄分别为 31.0 ± 5.2 岁和 30.0 ± 4.3 岁）。通过电阻抗分析进行身体成分分析。通过标准化的 3 天食物记录评估饮食摄入。女性和男性的体脂百分比分别为 20.3 ± 4.3%和 13.7 ± 3.3%。饮食中的能量摄入较低（女性约 1700 千卡，男性约 2300 千卡），低于推荐需求。此外，还发现碳水化合物的摄入量较低，叶酸、维生素 E（女性）以及铁和钙等矿物质的摄入量也不足（女性）。与推荐摄入量相比，CrossFit 运动员的饮食中能量、碳水化合物、铁和钙的摄入量均较低。似乎有必要对运动员和教练进行营养习惯以及个体能量和营养素需求的教育。
