Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat Enérgies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41 rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut National Polytechnique Grenoble, Technique de l'ingénierie médicale et de la complexité, TIMC-IMAG Bât Jean Roget Faculté de médecine et pharmacie, 38700 La Tronche, France.
Viruses. 2020 Jul 2;12(7):718. doi: 10.3390/v12070718.
Many geometric forms are found in nature, some of them adhering to mathematical laws or amazing aesthetic rules. One of the best-known examples in microbiology is the icosahedral shape of certain viruses with 20 triangular facets and 12 edges. What is less known, however, is that a complementary object displaying 12 faces and 20 edges called a 'dodecahedron' can be produced in huge amounts during certain adenovirus replication cycles. The decahedron was first described more than 50 years ago in the human adenovirus (HAdV3) viral cycle. Later on, the expression of this recombinant scaffold, combined with improvements in cryo-electron microscopy, made it possible to decipher the structural determinants underlying their architecture. Recently, this particle, which mimics viral entry, was used to fish the long elusive adenovirus receptor, desmoglein-2, which serves as a cellular docking for some adenovirus serotypes. This breakthrough enabled the understanding of the physiological role played by the dodecahedral particles, showing that icosahedral and dodecahedral particles live more than a simple platonic story. All these points are developed in this review, and the potential use of the dodecahedron in therapeutic development is discussed.
自然界中存在许多几何形状，其中一些遵循数学规律或惊人的美学规则。在微生物学中最著名的例子之一是某些具有 20 个三角形面和 12 条边的病毒的二十面体形状。然而，不太为人知的是，在某些腺病毒复制周期中，可以大量产生一种称为“十二面体”的具有 12 个面和 20 条边的互补物体。50 多年前，在人类腺病毒 (HAdV3) 病毒周期中首次描述了这个十面体。后来，这种重组支架的表达，结合低温电子显微镜技术的改进，使得解码其结构决定因素成为可能。最近，这种模拟病毒进入的颗粒被用来钓取长期难以捉摸的腺病毒受体——桥粒芯糖蛋白-2，它是某些腺病毒血清型的细胞对接点。这一突破使人们能够理解十二面体颗粒所发挥的生理作用，表明二十面体和十二面体颗粒的存在不仅仅是一种简单的柏拉图式的故事。本文综述了所有这些观点，并讨论了十二面体在治疗开发中的潜在用途。
