Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Science. 2020 Jul 3;369(6499):103-108. doi: 10.1126/science.aba5443.
During sexual transmission, the high genetic diversity of HIV-1 within an individual is frequently reduced to one founder variant that initiates infection. Understanding the drivers of this bottleneck is crucial to developing effective infection control strategies. Little is known about the importance of the source partner during this bottleneck. To test the hypothesis that the source partner affects the number of HIV founder variants, we developed a phylodynamic model calibrated using genetic and epidemiological data on all existing transmission pairs for whom the direction of transmission and the infection stage of the source partner are known. Our results suggest that acquiring infection from someone in the acute (early) stage of infection increases the risk of multiple-founder variant transmission compared with acquiring infection from someone in the chronic (later) stage of infection. This study provides the first direct test of source partner characteristics to explain the low frequency of multiple-founder strain infections.
在性传播过程中，个体内部 HIV-1 的高遗传多样性常常被简化为一个启动感染的创始变体。了解这个瓶颈的驱动因素对于开发有效的感染控制策略至关重要。关于在这个瓶颈过程中源伴侣的重要性，我们知之甚少。为了检验源伴侣会影响 HIV 创始变体数量的假设，我们开发了一个系统发育动力学模型，该模型使用了所有已知传播方向和源伴侣感染阶段的传播对的遗传和流行病学数据进行校准。我们的结果表明，与从慢性（后期）感染阶段的人感染相比，从急性（早期）感染阶段的人感染会增加多种创始变体传播的风险。这项研究首次直接检验了源伴侣特征，以解释低频率的多创始株感染。
